天气类API调用的代码示例合集:全国天气预报、实时空气质量数据查询、PM2.5空气质量指数等
以下示例代码适用于 www.apishop.net 网站下的API,使用本文提及的接口调用代码示例前,您需要先申请相应的API服务。
- 全国天气预报:数据来自国家气象局,可根据地名、经纬度GPS、IP查询对应地区的预报。
- 实时空气质量数据查询:空气质量实时发布的数据
- PM2.5空气质量指数:支持全国367个城市空气质量指数,提供实时空气质量情况,每小时更新,服务支持功能包括:实时查询空气质量,小时粒度;实时给出空气质量级别和首要污染物等
- 全国天气查询-简易版:返回地点、温度、空气湿度、风向、风力等信息
**API Shop(apishop.net)提供多达50款的常用第三方API,可以从github上下载代码示例合集:https://github.com/apishop/All-APIs**
以上接口均包含PHP、Python、C#和Java等四种语言的代码示例,以 查询天气实况 API为例:
(1)基于PHP的 查询天气实况 API服务请求的代码示例
<?php
$method = "POST";
$url = "https://api.apishop.net/common/weather/queryBaseWeather";
$headers = NULL;
$params = array(
"city" => "", //城市名称,如“广州”
);
$result = apishop_curl($method, $url, $headers, $params);
If ($result) {
$body = json_decode($result["body"], TRUE);
$status_code = $body["statusCode"];
If ($status_code == "000000") {
//状态码为000000, 说明请求成功
echo "请求成功:" . $result["body"];
} else {
//状态码非000000, 说明请求失败
echo "请求失败:" . $result["body"];
}
} else {
//返回内容异常,发送请求失败,以下可根据业务逻辑自行修改
echo "发送请求失败";
}
/**
* 转发请求到目的主机
* @param $method string 请求方法
* @param $URL string 请求地址
* @param null $headers 请求头
* @param null $param 请求参数
* @return array|bool
*/
function apishop_curl(&$method, &$URL, &$headers = NULL, &$param = NULL)
{
// 初始化请求
$require = curl_init($URL);
// 判断是否HTTPS
$isHttps = substr($URL, 0, 8) == "https://" ? TRUE : FALSE;
// 设置请求方式
switch ($method) {
case "GET":
curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET");
break;
case "POST":
curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "POST");
break;
default:
return FALSE;
}
if ($param) {
curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $param);
}
if ($isHttps) {
// 跳过证书检查
curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
// 检查证书中是否设置域名
curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2);
}
if ($headers) {
// 设置请求头
curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
}
// 返回结果不直接输出
curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, TRUE);
// 重定向
curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, TRUE);
// 把返回头包含再输出中
curl_setopt($require, CURLOPT_HEADER, TRUE);
// 发送请求
$response = curl_exec($require);
// 获取头部长度
$headerSize = curl_getinfo($require, CURLINFO_HEADER_SIZE);
// 关闭请求
curl_close($require);
if ($response) {
// 返回头部字符串
$header = substr($response, 0, $headerSize);
// 返回体
$body = substr($response, $headerSize);
// 过滤隐藏非法字符
$bodyTemp = json_encode(array(
0 => $body
));
$bodyTemp = str_replace("\ufeff", "", $bodyTemp);
$bodyTemp = json_decode($bodyTemp, TRUE);
$body = trim($bodyTemp[0]);
// 将返回结果头部转成数组
$respondHeaders = array();
$header_rows = array_filter(explode(PHP_EOL, $header), "trim");
foreach ($header_rows as $row) {
$keylen = strpos($row, ":");
if ($keylen) {
$respondHeaders[] = array(
"key" => substr($row, 0, $keylen),
"value" => trim(substr($row, $keylen + 1))
);
}
}
return array(
"headers" => $respondHeaders,
"body" => $body
);
} else {
return FALSE;
}
}
(2)基于Python的 查询天气实况 API服务请求的代码示例
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 测试环境: python2.7
# 安装requests依赖 => pip install requests/ easy_install requests
# 导入requests依赖
import requests
import json
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
def apishop_send_request(method, url, params=None, headers=None):
'''
转发请求到目的主机
@param method str 请求方法
@param url str 请求地址
@param params dict 请求参数
@param headers dict 请求头
'''
method = str.upper(method)
if method == 'POST':
return requests.post(url=url, data=params, headers=headers)
elif method == 'GET':
return requests.get(url=url, params=params, headers=headers)
else:
return None
method = "POST"
url = "https://api.apishop.net/common/weather/queryBaseWeather"
headers = None
params = {
"city":"", #城市名称,如“广州”
}
result = apishop_send_request(method=method, url=url, params=params, headers=headers)
if result:
body = result.text
response = json.loads(body)
status_code = response["statusCode"]
if (status_code == '000000'):
# 状态码为000000, 说明请求成功
print('请求成功:%s' % (body,))
else:
# 状态码非000000, 说明请求失败
print('请求失败: %s' % (body,))
else:
# 返回内容异常,发送请求失败
print('发送请求失败')
(3)基于C#的 查询天气实况 API服务请求的代码示例
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
namespace apishop_sdk
{
class Program
{
/**
* 转发请求到目的主机
* @param method string 请求方法
* @param url string 请求地址
* @param params Dictionary<string,string> 请求参数
* @param headers Dictionary<string,string> 请求头
* @return string
**/
static string apishop_send_request(string method, string url, Dictionary<string, string> param, Dictionary<string, string> headers)
{
string result = string.Empty;
try
{
string paramData = "";
if (param != null && param.Count > 0)
{
StringBuilder sbuilder = new StringBuilder();
foreach (var item in param)
{
if (sbuilder.Length > 0)
{
sbuilder.Append("&");
}
sbuilder.Append(item.Key + "=" + item.Value);
}
paramData = sbuilder.ToString();
}
method = method.ToUpper();
if (method == "GET")
{
url = string.Format("{0}?{1}", url, paramData);
}
HttpWebRequest wbRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
if (method == "GET")
{
wbRequest.Method = "GET";
}
else if (method == "POST")
{
wbRequest.Method = "POST";
wbRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
wbRequest.ContentLength = Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(paramData);
using (Stream requestStream = wbRequest.GetRequestStream())
{
using (StreamWriter swrite = new StreamWriter(requestStream))
{
swrite.Write(paramData);
}
}
}
HttpWebResponse wbResponse = (HttpWebResponse)wbRequest.GetResponse();
using (Stream responseStream = wbResponse.GetResponseStream())
{
using (StreamReader sread = new StreamReader(responseStream))
{
result = sread.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
catch
{
return "";
}
return result;
}
class Response
{
public string statusCode;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string method = "POST";
string url = "https://api.apishop.net/common/weather/queryBaseWeather";
Dictionary<string, string> param = new Dictionary<string, string>();
param.Add("city", ""); //城市名称,如“广州”
Dictionary<string, string> headers = null;
string result = apishop_send_request(method, url, param, headers);
if (result == "")
{
//返回内容异常,发送请求失败
Console.WriteLine("发送请求失败");
return;
}
Response res = new JavaScriptSerializer().Deserialize<Response>(result);
if (res.statusCode == "000000")
{
//状态码为000000, 说明请求成功
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("请求成功: {0}", result));
}
else
{
//状态码非000000, 说明请求失败
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("请求失败: {0}", result));
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
(4)基于Java的 查询天气实况 API服务请求的代码示例
package net.apishop.www.controller;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
/**
* httpUrlConnection访问远程接口工具
*/
public class Api
{
/**
* 方法体说明:向远程接口发起请求,返回字节流类型结果
* param url 接口地址
* param requestMethod 请求方式
* param params 传递参数 重点:参数值需要用Base64进行转码
* return InputStream 返回结果
*/
public static InputStream httpRequestToStream(String url, String requestMethod, Map<String, String> params){
InputStream is = null;
try{
String parameters = "";
boolean hasParams = false;
// 将参数集合拼接成特定格式,如name=zhangsan&age=24
for (String key : params.keySet()){
String value = URLEncoder.encode(params.get(key), "UTF-8");
parameters += key + "=" + value + "&";
hasParams = true;
}
if (hasParams){
parameters = parameters.substring(0, parameters.length() - 1);
}
// 请求方式是否为get
boolean isGet = "get".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod);
// 请求方式是否为post
boolean isPost = "post".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod);
if (isGet){
url += "?" + parameters;
}
URL u = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();
// 请求的参数类型(使用restlet框架时,为了兼容框架,必须设置Content-Type为“”空)
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
//conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
// 设置连接超时时间
conn.setConnectTimeout(50000);
// 设置读取返回内容超时时间
conn.setReadTimeout(50000);
// 设置向HttpURLConnection对象中输出,因为post方式将请求参数放在http正文内,因此需要设置为ture,默认false
if (isPost){
conn.setDoOutput(true);
}
// 设置从HttpURLConnection对象读入,默认为true
conn.setDoInput(true);
// 设置是否使用缓存,post方式不能使用缓存
if (isPost){
conn.setUseCaches(false);
}
// 设置请求方式,默认为GET
conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
// post方式需要将传递的参数输出到conn对象中
if (isPost){
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
dos.writeBytes(parameters);
dos.flush();
dos.close();
}
// 从HttpURLConnection对象中读取响应的消息
// 执行该语句时才正式发起请求
is = conn.getInputStream();
}catch(UnsupportedEncodingException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(MalformedURLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return is;
}
public static void main(String args[]){
String url = "https://api.apishop.net/common/weather/queryBaseWeather";
String requestMethod = "POST";
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("city", ""); //城市名称,如“广州”
String result = null;
try{
InputStream is = httpRequestToStream(url, requestMethod, params);
byte[] b = new byte[is.available()];
is.read(b);
result = new String(b);
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (result != null){
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
String status_code = jsonObject.getString("statusCode");
if (status_code == "000000"){
// 状态码为000000, 说明请求成功
System.out.println("请求成功:" + jsonObject.getString("result"));
}else{
// 状态码非000000, 说明请求失败
System.out.println("请求失败:" + jsonObject.getString("desc"));
}
}else{
// 返回内容异常,发送请求失败,以下可根据业务逻辑自行修改
System.out.println("发送请求失败");
}
}
}