小任务之使用SVG画柱状图~
1 function drawBar(data) { 2 var barGraph = document.querySelector("#bar-graph"); 3 var graphWidth = 700; 4 var graphHeight = 300; 5 const graphPadding = 25; 6 //轴的宽高 7 const axisWidth = graphWidth - graphPadding; 8 const axisHeigt = graphHeight - graphPadding; 9 //柱的间隔 10 const barGap = 12; 11 //单个数据柱子的宽 12 const barWidth = ((axisWidth - graphPadding - barGap * 13) / 12) / data.length; 13 //每根柱子的颜色 14 const barColor = ["#27a1ea", "#9cdc82", "#ff9f69", "#d660a8", "#6370de", "#32d3eb", "#d4ec59", "#feb64d", "#b55cbd"]; 15 //轴的颜色 16 const axisColor = "#000"; 17 //最大值 18 var dataMax = 0; 19 //柱状图数据sale 20 var newData = []; 21 22 //设置html的svg的宽度和高度 23 barGraph.setAttribute("width", graphWidth); 24 barGraph.setAttribute("height", graphHeight); 25 //找到最大值 26 for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { 27 if (typeof data[0] != "number") { 28 let temp = Math.max(...data[i].sale);//es6扩展运算符 将数组转为序列。 29 if (temp > dataMax) { 30 dataMax = temp; 31 } 32 newData.push(data[i].sale); 33 } else { 34 dataMax = Math.max(...data); 35 newData.push(data[i]); 36 } 37 } 38 //数据和像素的折算 39 var rate = dataMax / (axisHeigt - graphPadding); 40 //绘制坐标轴 41 let barHtml = []; 42 //先纵轴再横轴注意SVG画线模板间隔 43 barHtml.push("<line x1=" + graphPadding + " y1=0" + " x2=" + graphPadding + " y2=" + axisHeigt + " stroke=" + axisColor + " stroke-width='2'/>"); 44 barHtml.push("<line x1=" + graphPadding + " y1=" + axisHeigt + " x2=" + axisWidth + " y2=" + axisHeigt + " stroke=" + axisColor + " stroke-width='2'/>"); 45 //绘制柱状图(需要X,Y,宽度,高度)(高度=数值/rate) 46 for (let i = 0; i < newData.length; i++) { 47 for (let j = 0; j < newData[i].length; j++) { 48 let num = parseInt(newData[i][j]); 49 let barBlock = data.length * barWidth; 50 51 let x = graphPadding + (j + 1) * barGap + i * barWidth + j * barBlock; 52 barHtml.push("<rect width=" + barWidth + " height=" + (num / rate) + " x=" + x + " y=" + (axisHeigt - num / rate) + " fill=" + barColor[i] + " />"); 53 } 54 } 55 barGraph.innerHTML = barHtml.join(""); //join("")拼成字符串无间隔 join()默认为逗号, 56 }
今天终于将SVG生成柱状图的代码给完成了,过程中定位比较重要,包括坐标轴的X,Y点,和长度宽度,都需要要好好设计一下。
其中viewbox属性比较有趣,学习了,贴出鑫旭大神的解说,非常清晰。http://www.zhangxinxu.com/wordpress/?p=4323
在编写代码时,记得哪个数组对应哪些数据,实在忘记可用console.log进行打印查看,方便定位
for循环中的i记得要声明!!
循环拼写html时,记得对应好SVG的标签格式,留出适当的空格才正确!
拼接最后的html时,用join(“”),中间不用放任何内容,便可连接html,不能使用join(),否则默认为逗号连接。