为什么要压缩

web服务器将组成网页的文件进行gzip压缩后再传输给浏览器,浏览器获取到压缩文件后进行解压并解析展示网页内容。原本的资源只在传输过程中进行压缩,既节约了带宽,同时也提升了页面的浏览速率。在实际工作中,网页压缩使用的比较多,这里就简单的记录下nginx服务器下Gzip的配置

参数配置

    #开启和关闭gzip模式
    gzip on|off;
    
    #gizp压缩起点,文件大于1k才进行压缩
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    
    # gzip 压缩级别,1-9,数字越大压缩的越好,也越占用CPU时间
    gzip_comp_level 1;
    
    # 进行压缩的文件类型。
    gzip_types text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript ;
    
    #nginx对于静态文件的处理模块,开启后会寻找以.gz结尾的文件,直接返回,不会占用cpu进行压缩,如果找不到则不进行压缩
    gzip_static on|off
    
    # 是否在http header中添加Vary: Accept-Encoding,建议开启
    gzip_vary on;

    # 设置压缩所需要的缓冲区大小,以4k为单位,如果文件为7k则申请2*4k的缓冲区 
    gzip_buffers 2 4k;

    # 设置gzip压缩针对的HTTP协议版本
    gzip_http_version 1.1;

示例

http {
    gzip on;
    gzip_buffers 8 16k; ## 这个限制了nginx不能压缩大于128k的文件
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)";
    gzip_min_length 512; ##单位byte
    gzip_http_version 1.0;
    gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth;
    gzip_types   text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_static  on;
    //......
}

外部链接 

https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000012694104

名称默认配置作用域官方说明中文解读模块gzipgzip off;http, server, location, if in locationEnables or disables gzipping of responses.设置是否开启对后端响应的gzip压缩,然后返回压缩内容给前端ngx_http_gzip_modulegzip_buffersgzip_buffers 32 4k或16 8k;http, server, locationSets the number and size of buffers used to compress a response. By default, the buffer size is equal to one memory page. This is either 4K or 8K, depending on a platform.设置用于压缩后端response的buffer的数量和每个的大小,默认每个buffer大小为一个内存页,根据平台不同可能是4k或8kngx_http_gzip_modulegzip_comp_levelgzip_comp_level 1;http, server, locationSets a gzip compression level of a response. Acceptable values are in the range from 1 to 9.指定gzip压缩的级别,默认为1,该值可设置的范围是1-9,1为最小化压缩(处理速度快),9为最大化压缩(处理速度慢),数字越大压缩的越好,也越占用CPU时间ngx_http_gzip_modulegzip_disable没有默认值http, server, locationDisables gzipping of responses for requests with User-Agent header fields matching any of the specified regular expressions.正则匹配User-Agent中的值,匹配上则不进行gzipngx_http_gzip_modulegzip_min_lengthgzip_min_length 20;http, server, locationSets the minimum length of a response that will be gzipped. The length is determined only from the Content-Length response header field.设定进行gzip压缩的阈值,当后端response的Content-Length大小小于该值则不进行gzip压缩ngx_http_gzip_modulegzip_http_versiongzip_http_version 1.1;http, server, locationSets the minimum HTTP version of a request required to compress a response.设定进行gzip压缩的最小http版本ngx_http_gzip_modulegzip_proxiedgzip_proxied off;http, server, locationEnables or disables gzipping of responses for proxied requests depending on the request and response. The fact that the request is proxied is determined by the presence of the “Via” request header field.根据request或响应的相关header的值来决定是否进行gzipngx_http_gzip_modulegzip_typesgzip_types text/html;http, server, locationEnables gzipping of responses for the specified MIME types in addition to “text/html”. The special value “*” matches any MIME type (0.8.29). Responses with the “text/html” type are always compressed.指定哪些mime types启用gzip压缩,默认text/htmlngx_http_gzip_modulegzip_varygzip_vary off;http, server, locationEnables or disables inserting the “Vary: Accept-Encoding” response header field if the directives gzip, gzip_static, or gunzip are active.是否往response header里头写入Vary: Accept-Encodingngx_http_gzip_modulegzip_staticgzip_static off;http, server, locationEnables (“on”) or disables (“off”) checking the existence of precompressed files. The following directives are also taken into account: gzip_http_version, gzip_proxied, gzip_disable, and gzip_vary.开启之后,接到(静态文件)请求会到url相同的路径的文件系统去找扩展名为”.gz”的文件,如果存在直接把它发送出去,如果不存在,则进行gzip压缩,再发送出去ngx_http_gzip_static_modu

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