Google单元测试框架gtest之官方sample笔记3--值参数化测试
Google单元测试框架gtest之官方sample笔记3–值参数化测试
1.7 sample7–接口测试
值参数不限定类型,也可以是类的引用,这就可以实现对类接口的测试,一个基类可以有多个继承类,那么可以测试不同的子类功能,但是只需要写一个测试用例,然后使用参数列表实现对每个子类的测试。
- using ::testing::TestWithParam;
- using ::testing::Values;
-
- typedef PrimeTable* CreatePrimeTableFunc();
-
- PrimeTable* CreateOnTheFlyPrimeTable() {
- return new OnTheFlyPrimeTable();
- }
-
- template <size_t max_precalculated>
- PrimeTable* CreatePreCalculatedPrimeTable() {
- return new PreCalculatedPrimeTable(max_precalculated);
- }
-
- // Inside the test body, fixture constructor, SetUp(), and TearDown() you
- // can refer to the test parameter by GetParam(). In this case, the test
- // parameter is a factory function which we call in fixture's SetUp() to
- // create and store an instance of PrimeTable.
- class PrimeTableTestSmpl7 : public TestWithParam<CreatePrimeTableFunc*> {
- public:
- ~PrimeTableTestSmpl7() override { delete table_; }
- void SetUp() override { table_ = (*GetParam())(); }
- void TearDown() override {
- delete table_;
- table_ = nullptr;
- }
-
- protected:
- PrimeTable* table_;
- };
-
- TEST_P(PrimeTableTestSmpl7, ReturnsFalseForNonPrimes) {
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(-5));
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(0));
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(1));
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(4));
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(6));
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(100));
- }
-
- TEST_P(PrimeTableTestSmpl7, ReturnsTrueForPrimes) {
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(2));
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(3));
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(5));
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(7));
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(11));
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(131));
- }
- TEST_P(PrimeTableTestSmpl7, CanGetNextPrime) {
- EXPECT_EQ(2, table_->GetNextPrime(1));
- EXPECT_EQ(3, table_->GetNextPrime(2));
- EXPECT_EQ(5, table_->GetNextPrime(3));
- EXPECT_EQ(7, table_->GetNextPrime(5));
- EXPECT_EQ(11, table_->GetNextPrime(7));
- EXPECT_EQ(131, table_->GetNextPrime(128));
- }
-
- // In order to run value-parameterized tests, you need to instantiate them,
- // or bind them to a list of values which will be used as test parameters.
- // You can instantiate them in a different translation module, or even
- // instantiate them several times.
- //
- // Here, we instantiate our tests with a list of two PrimeTable object
- // factory functions:
- #define INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P
- INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(OnTheFlyAndPreCalculated, PrimeTableTestSmpl7,
- Values(&CreateOnTheFlyPrimeTable,
- &CreatePreCalculatedPrimeTable<1000>));
1.8sample8–值参数测试
有些时候,我们需要对代码实现的功能使用不同的参数进行测试,比如使用大量随机值来检验算法实现的正确性,或者比较同一个接口的不同实现之间的差别。gtest把“集中输入测试参数”的需求抽象出来提供支持,称为值参数化测试(Value Parameterized Test)。
参数值序列生成函数 | 含义 |
---|---|
Bool() |
生成序列 {false, true} |
Range(begin, end[, step]) |
生成序列 {begin, begin+step, begin+2*step, …} (不含 end ), step 默认为1 |
Values(v1, v2, …, vN) |
生成序列 {v1, v2, …, vN} |
ValuesIn(container) , ValuesIn(iter1, iter2) |
枚举STL container ,或枚举迭代器范围 [iter1, iter2) |
Combine(g1, g2, …, gN) |
生成 g1 , g2 , …, gN 的笛卡尔积,其中g1 , g2 , …, gN 均为参数值序列生成函数(要求C++0x的<tr1/tuple>) |
代码实现
- class HybridPrimeTable : public PrimeTable {
- public:
- HybridPrimeTable(bool force_on_the_fly, int max_precalculated)
- : on_the_fly_impl_(new OnTheFlyPrimeTable),
- precalc_impl_(force_on_the_fly
- ? nullptr
- : new PreCalculatedPrimeTable(max_precalculated)),
- max_precalculated_(max_precalculated) {}
- ~HybridPrimeTable() override {
- delete on_the_fly_impl_;
- delete precalc_impl_;
- }
-
- bool IsPrime(int n) const override {
- if (precalc_impl_ != nullptr && n < max_precalculated_)
- return precalc_impl_->IsPrime(n);
- else
- return on_the_fly_impl_->IsPrime(n);
- }
-
- int GetNextPrime(int p) const override {
- int next_prime = -1;
- if (precalc_impl_ != nullptr && p < max_precalculated_)
- next_prime = precalc_impl_->GetNextPrime(p);
-
- return next_prime != -1 ? next_prime : on_the_fly_impl_->GetNextPrime(p);
- }
-
- private:
- OnTheFlyPrimeTable* on_the_fly_impl_;
- PreCalculatedPrimeTable* precalc_impl_;
- int max_precalculated_;
- };
-
- using ::testing::TestWithParam;
- using ::testing::Bool;
- using ::testing::Values;
- using ::testing::Combine;
-
- // To test all code paths for HybridPrimeTable we must test it with numbers
- // both within and outside PreCalculatedPrimeTable's capacity and also with
- // PreCalculatedPrimeTable disabled. We do this by defining fixture which will
- // accept different combinations of parameters for instantiating a
- // HybridPrimeTable instance.
- class PrimeTableTest : public TestWithParam< ::std::tuple<bool, int> > {
- protected:
- void SetUp() override {
- bool force_on_the_fly;
- int max_precalculated;
- std::tie(force_on_the_fly, max_precalculated) = GetParam();
- table_ = new HybridPrimeTable(force_on_the_fly, max_precalculated);
- }
- void TearDown() override {
- delete table_;
- table_ = nullptr;
- }
- HybridPrimeTable* table_;
- };
PrimeTableTest类继承于TestWithParam,是测试固件类。接收参数tuple<bool,int>,如果bool为true时,使用OnTheFlyPrimeTable类的接口,当bool变量为false时,使用PreCalculatedPrimeTable接口测试。
测试编写:
- TEST_P(PrimeTableTest, ReturnsFalseForNonPrimes) {
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(-5));
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(0));
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(1));
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(4));
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(6));
- EXPECT_FALSE(table_->IsPrime(100));
- }
-
- TEST_P(PrimeTableTest, ReturnsTrueForPrimes) {
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(2));
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(3));
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(5));
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(7));
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(11));
- EXPECT_TRUE(table_->IsPrime(131));
- }
-
- TEST_P(PrimeTableTest, CanGetNextPrime) {
- EXPECT_EQ(2, table_->GetNextPrime(0));
- EXPECT_EQ(3, table_->GetNextPrime(2));
- EXPECT_EQ(5, table_->GetNextPrime(3));
- EXPECT_EQ(7, table_->GetNextPrime(5));
- EXPECT_EQ(11, table_->GetNextPrime(7));
- EXPECT_EQ(131, table_->GetNextPrime(128));
- }
-
-
- #define INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P
- INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(MeaningfulTestParameters, PrimeTableTest,
- Combine(Bool(), Values(1, 10)));
共计3个测试case,测试名为MeaningfulTestParameters,输入的参数是一个comine类,生成正交参数集合:
- Combine(Bool(), Values(1, 10)));
- // Combine() allows the user to combine two or more sequences to produce
- // values of a Cartesian product of those sequences' elements.
- /*
- |--Bool--|--------- Value---------|
- | | 1 | 10 |
- | true | (true,1) | (true,10) |
- | false | (false,1) | (false,10) |
- */
本例有3个测试,参数正交后是4组参数,每组参数运行一次测试,所以输出12个测试结果。运行截图如下。
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Google单元测试框架gtest之官方sample笔记3–值参数化测试