反射操作注解

  • getAnnotations

  • getAnnotation

对象关系映射(简称ORM)

  • ORM?

    • Object relationship Mapping

    • 类和表结构对应

    • 属性和字段对应

    • 对象和记录对应

  • 利用注解和反射完成类和表结构的映射关

代码:

package com.chao.reflection;
import java.lang.annotation.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
//练习反射操作注解
public class Test12 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException {
        Class c1 = Class.forName("com.chao.reflection.Student2");
        //通过反射获得注解
        Annotation[] annotations = c1.getAnnotations();
        for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
            System.out.println(annotation);
        }
        //获得注解的value的值.
        Tablechao tablechao = (Tablechao)c1.getAnnotation(Tablechao.class);
        String value = tablechao.value();
        System.out.println(value);
        //获得类指定的注解
        Field f = c1.getDeclaredField("id");
        Fieldchao annotation = f.getAnnotation(Fieldchao.class);
        System.out.println(annotation.columnName());
        System.out.println(annotation.type());
        System.out.println(annotation.length());
    }
}
@Tablechao("db_student")
class Student2{
    @Fieldchao(columnName = "db_id",type = "int",length = 10)
    private int id;
    @Fieldchao(columnName = "db_age",type = "int",length = 10)
    private int age;
    @Fieldchao(columnName = "db_name",type = "varchar",length = 3)
    private String name;
    public Student2() {
    }
    public Student2(int id, int age, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student2{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
//类名的注解
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Tablechao{
    String value();
}
//属性的注解
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Fieldchao{
     String columnName();
     String type();
     int length();
}

反射操作泛型

  • Java采用泛型擦除的机制来引入泛型(类加载进去的时候就产生一个class对象),java中的泛型仅仅是给编译器Javac使用的,确保数据的安全性和免去强制类型转换问题,但是,一旦编译完成,所有和泛型有关的类型全部擦除(垃圾回收站)。

  • 为了通过反射操作这些类型,Java新增了ParameterizedType,GenericArrayType,TypeVariable和WildcaredType几种类型来代表不能被归一到Class类中的类型但是又和原始类型齐名的类型。

    • ParameterizedType:表示一种参数化类型,比如:Collection

    • GenericArrayType:表示一种元素类型是参数化类型或者类型变量的数组类型

    • TypeVariable:是各种类型变量的公共父接口

    • WildcaredType:代表一种通配符类型表达式

代码:

package com.chao.reflection;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
//通过反射获取泛型
public class Test11 {
    public void test01(Map<String,User> map, List<User> list){
        System.out.println("test01");
    }
    public Map<String,User> test02(){
        System.out.println("test02");
        return null;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchMethodException {
        Method method = Test11.class.getMethod("test01", Map.class, List.class);

        Type[] genericParameterTypes = method.getGenericParameterTypes();

        for (Type genericParameterType : genericParameterTypes) {
            System.out.println("#"+genericParameterType);

            if(genericParameterType instanceof ParameterizedType){
                Type[] actualTypeArguments = ((ParameterizedType) genericParameterType).getActualTypeArguments();
                for (Type actualTypeArgument : actualTypeArguments) {
                    System.out.println(actualTypeArgument);

                }
            }
        }
         method = Test11.class.getMethod("test02", null);
        Type genericReturnType = method.getGenericReturnType();
        if(genericReturnType instanceof ParameterizedType){
            Type[] actualTypeArguments = ((ParameterizedType) genericReturnType).getActualTypeArguments();
            for (Type actualTypeArgument : actualTypeArguments) {
                System.out.println(actualTypeArgument);
            }
        }
    }
}

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本文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/Answer-Chao/p/14665943.html