ShardingSphere你还不会吗?(第一篇)

作者:星晴(当地小有名气,小到只有自己知道的杰伦粉)

一.需求

我们做项目的时候,数据量比较大,单表千万级别的,需要分库分表,于是在网上搜索这方面的开源框架,最常见的就是mycat,sharding-sphere,最终我选择后者,用它来做分库分表比较容易上手。

二. 简介sharding-sphere

官网地址: https://shardingsphere.apache.org/

三.分库分表

3.1 pom.xml

 

<dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!--shardingsphere start-->
<!-- for spring boot -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>io.shardingsphere</groupId>
  <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  <version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- for spring namespace -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>io.shardingsphere</groupId>
  <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-namespace</artifactId>
  <version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
# 数据源 cloud-db-0,cloud-db-1
sharding:
jdbc:
  datasource:
    names: cloud-db-0,cloud-db-1
  # 第一个数据库
    cloud-db-0:
      type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloud-db-0?characterEncoding=utf-8&&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
      username: root
      password: 123456
  # 第二个数据库
    cloud-db-1:
      type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloud-db-1?characterEncoding=utf-8&&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
      username: root
      password: 123456

# 水平拆分的数据库(表) 配置分库 + 分表策略 行表达式分片策略
# 分库策略
  config:
    sharding:
      default-database-strategy:
        inline:
          sharding-column: id
          algorithm-expression: cloud-db-$->{id % 2}
      #分表策略 其中user为逻辑表 分表主要取决于age行
      tables:
          user:
            actual-data-nodes: cloud-db-$->{0..1}.user_$->{0..1}
            table-strategy:
              inline:
                sharding-column: age
                # 分片算法表达式
                algorithm-expression: user_$->{age % 2}
    # 打印执行的数据库以及语句
    props:
      sql:
        show: true
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user_0
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_0`;
CREATE TABLE `user_0` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user_1
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_1`;
CREATE TABLE `user_1` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user_0
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_0`;
CREATE TABLE `user_0` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user_1
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_1`;
CREATE TABLE `user_1` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User {

  /**
    * 主键Id
    */
  @Id
  private int id;

  /**
    * 名称
    */
  private String name;

  /**
    * 年龄
    */
  private int age;
}
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
}
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

  @Autowired
  private UserRepository userRepository;

  @Override
  public boolean save(User entity) {
      userRepository.save(entity);
      return true;
  }

  @Override
  public List<User> getUserList() {
      return userRepository.findAll();
  }

}
@RestController
public class UserController {

  @Autowired
  private UserService userService;

  @GetMapping("/select")
  public List<User> select() {
      return userService.getUserList();
  }

  @GetMapping("/insert")
  public Boolean insert(User user) {
      return userService.save(user);
  }

}
http://localhost:8080/insert?id=1&name=lhd&age=12    
http://localhost:8080/insert?id=2&name=lhd&age=13    
http://localhost:8080/insert?id=3&name=lhd&age=14    
http://localhost:8080/insert?id=4&name=lhd&age=15
http://localhost:8080/select

 

2.分库、分表查询

1.分库、分表插入

3.5 测试

UserController

UserServiceImpl

UserRepository

User

3.4 代码实现

cloud-db-1:

cloud-db-0:

3.3 数据库脚本

3.2 application.yml

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