PHP抓取网络数据的6种常见方法
本小节的名称为 fsockopen，curl与file_get_contents，具体是探讨这三种方式进行网络数据输入输出的一些汇总。关于 fsockopen 前面已经谈了不少，下面开始转入其它。这里先简单罗列一下一些常见的抓取网络数据的一些方法。
1. 用 file_get_contents 以 get 方式获取内容：
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// $url = \'http://www.nowamagic.net\'; |
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$url = \'http://www.nowamagic.net/php/sock.php\';
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$html = file_get_contents($url);
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echo $html;
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2. 用fopen打开url，以get方式获取内容
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// $url = \'http://www.nowamagic.net\'; |
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$url = \'http://www.nowamagic.net/php/sock.php\';
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$fp = fopen($url, \'r\');
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stream_get_meta_data($fp);
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$result = \'\';
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while(!feof($fp))
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{ |
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$result .= fgets($fp, 1024);
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} |
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echo "url body: $result";
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fclose($fp);
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3. 用file_get_contents函数,以post方式获取url
这种方法我们之前点了一下，具体可以参考 stream_context_create()模拟POST/GET 这篇文章。
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$data = array(
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\'foo\'=>\'bar\',
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\'baz\'=>\'boom\',
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\'site\'=>\'www.nowamagic.net\',
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\'name\'=>\'nowa magic\');
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$data = http_build_query($data);
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//$postdata = http_build_query($data); |
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$options = array(
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\'http\' => array(
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\'method\' => \'POST\',
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\'header\' => \'Content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded\',
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\'content\' => $data
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//\'timeout\' => 60 * 60 // 超时时间（单位:s）
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)
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); |
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$url = "http://www.nowamagic.net/test2.php";
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$context = stream_context_create($options);
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$result = file_get_contents($url, false, $context);
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echo $result;
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4. 用 fsockopen 函数打开url，以get方式获取完整的数据，包括header和body
这种方法在小节前面谈得很多了，这里不厌其烦地再列举一下：
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// $url = \'http://www.nowamagic.net\'; |
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$url = \'http://www.nowamagic.net:80/php/sock.php?site=nowamagic.net\';
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function get_url($url,$cookie=false)
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{ |
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$url = parse_url($url);
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$query = $url[\'path\']."?".$url[\'query\'];
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echo "Query:".$query;
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$fp = fsockopen( $url[\'host\'], $url[\'port\']?$url[\'port\']:80 ,$errno, $errstr, 30);
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if (!$fp)
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{
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return false;
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}
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else {
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$request = "GET $query HTTP/1.1\r\n";
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$request .= "Host: $url[host]\r\n";
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$request .= "Connection: Close\r\n";
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if($cookie) $request.="Cookie: $cookie\n";
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$request.="\r\n";
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fwrite($fp,$request);
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$result = \'\';
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while(!feof($fp))
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{
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$result .= @fgets($fp, 1024);
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}
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fclose($fp);
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return $result;
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}
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} |
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//获取url的html部分，去掉header |
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function GetUrlHTML($url,$cookie=false)
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{ |
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$rowdata = get_url($url,$cookie);
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if($rowdata)
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{
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$body= stristr($rowdata,"\r\n\r\n");
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$body=substr($body,4,strlen($body));
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return $body;
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}
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return false;
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} |
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echo get_url($url);
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echo GetUrlHTML($url);
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程序输出：
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Query:/php/sock.php?site=nowamagic.netHTTP/1.1 200 OK |
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Date: Wed, 19 Feb 2014 06:06:25 GMT
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Server: Apache/2.2.3 (CentOS) |
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X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.3 |
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Vary: Accept-Encoding |
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Content-Length: 21 |
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Connection: close |
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Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 |
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Welcome to NowaMagic |
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Query:/php/sock.php?site=nowamagic.net Welcome to NowaMagic |
5. 用fsockopen函数打开url，以POST方式获取完整的数据，包括header和body
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// $url = \'http://www.nowamagic.net\'; |
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$url = \'http://www.nowamagic.net:80/php/sock.php?site=nowamagic.net\';
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function HTTP_Post($URL,$data,$cookie, $referer="")
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{ |
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// parsing the given URL
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$URL_Info=parse_url($URL);
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// Building referrer
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if($referer=="") // if not given use this script as referrer
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$referer="www.nowamagic.net";
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// making string from $data
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foreach($data as $key=> $value)
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$values[]="$key=".urlencode($value);
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$data_string=implode("&",$values);
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// Find out which port is needed - if not given use standard (=80)
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if(!isset($URL_Info["port"]))
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$URL_Info["port"]=80;
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$request = \'\';
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// building POST-request:
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$request.="POST ".$URL_Info["path"]." HTTP/1.1\n";
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$request.="Host: ".$URL_Info["host"]."\n";
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$request.="Referer: $referer\n";
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$request.="Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\n";
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$request.="Content-length: ".strlen($data_string)."\n";
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$request.="Connection: close\n";
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$request.="Cookie: $cookie\n";
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$request.="\n";
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$request.=$data_string."\n";
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$fp = fsockopen($URL_Info["host"],$URL_Info["port"]);
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fputs($fp, $request);
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$result = \'\';
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while(!feof($fp))
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{
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$result .= fgets($fp, 1024);
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}
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fclose($fp);
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return $result;
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} |
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$data = array(
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\'foo\'=>\'bar\',
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\'baz\'=>\'boom\',
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\'site\'=>\'www.nowamagic.net\',
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\'name\'=>\'nowa magic\');
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$cookie = \'\';
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$referer = \'http://www.nowamagic.net/\';
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echo HTTP_Post($url, $data, $cookie, $referer);
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程序输出：
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK |
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Date: Wed, 19 Feb 2014 06:15:38 GMT
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Server: Apache/2.2.3 (CentOS) |
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X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.3 |
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Vary: Accept-Encoding |
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Content-Length: 21 |
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Connection: close |
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Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 |
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Welcome to NowaMagic |
6. 使用curl库，使用curl库之前，可能需要查看一下php.ini是否已经打开了curl扩展。
使用 curl 代码比较简洁，代码也比较规范，容易理解：
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// $url = \'http://www.nowamagic.net\'; |
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$url = \'http://www.nowamagic.net:80/php/sock.php?site=nowamagic.net\';
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$ch = curl_init();
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$timeout = 5;
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curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
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curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
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curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, $timeout);
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$file_contents = curl_exec($ch);
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curl_close($ch);
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echo $file_contents;
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这里就大概列举这么 6 种抓取网络数据的方式，也是比较常见的，让大家先有个总体的理解，还有各方法的比较。
版权声明：本文为lxwphp原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。