“,”、“natural join”、“natural left outer join”、“natural right outer join”的用法总结
“,”:代表笛卡尔积;
“natural join”:代表自然连接,即同名列等值连接;
“natural left outer join”:表示左外连接;
“natural right outer join”:表示右外连接。
注意:以下的写法在Oracle中都是不正确的。
1.r1 join r2
2.r1 inner join r2
3.r1 left outer join r2(如果要用左外连接,需要加natural关键字或者后面加on做条件筛选,否则,语法错误)
4.r1 right outer join r2(道理同上)
同时,需要注意:natural join 和 natural inner join是一样的。因为自然连接默认就是内连。
接下来,看代码示例:
1.建表,插入数据:
drop table relation2; drop table relation1; create table relation1( id number(10) not null, r1_col1 varchar2(50), r1_col2 varchar2(50), primary key (id) ); create table relation2( id number(10) not null, r2_col1 varchar2(50), r2_col2 varchar2(50), primary key (id) ); insert into relation1 values(1,\'A1\',\'A2\'); insert into relation1 values(2,\'B1\',\'B2\'); insert into relation1 values(3,\'C1\',\'C2\'); insert into relation1 values(4,\'D1\',\'D2\'); insert into relation1 values(5,\'N1\',\'N2\'); insert into relation1 values(6,\'M1\',\'M2\'); ----------------------------------------------- insert into relation2 values(1,\'E1\',\'E2\'); insert into relation2 values(2,\'F1\',\'F2\'); insert into relation2 values(3,\'G1\',\'G2\'); insert into relation2 values(4,\'H1\',\'H2\'); insert into relation2 values(7,\'X1\',\'X2\'); insert into relation2 values(8,\'Y1\',\'Y2\');
插入的结果:
relation1:
relation2:
2.查询
select * from relation1,relation2;--笛卡尔积
总共36条记录。行号为37是因为第一条记录从第二行开始。
select * from relation1 natural join relation2;--自然连接(默认内连)
select * from relation1 natural inner join relation2;--自然连接(显式内连)
select * from relation1 natural left outer join relation2;--自然左外连接
select * from relation1 natural right outer join relation2;--自然右外连接