一 断言

测试指定的restful api是否正常,判断它的响应值是否符合预期标准,需要用到断言知识。在soapUI里断言使用的Groovy语言。在项目中测试起来非常简单,测试过程如下。

1,准备测试数据

以下是准备的测试数据,它是一个JSON格式的数据列表。在resources节点中,它包含3个用户消息子节点。

{
   "total": 3,
   "resources":    [
            {
         "username": "test03-SD",
         "created": "1496800026000",
         "uuid": "8f6cae8a24ab4d0887dd5907430075e7",
         "contractNumber": "131"
      },
            {
         "username": "test02",
         "created": "1489479452000",
         "name": "8bbf9fded675472aa852cf1940bc8234",
         "contractNumber": "133"
      },
            {
         "username": "test01",
         "created": "1487576620000",
         "name": "156b396f9b354467b5d1d1a1014b2d10"
      }
   ],
   "time": "2017年06月13日 10时25分07秒",
   "pageNum": 1
}

 

2 添加断言

在HTTP Request里添加断言,如下图所示。

然后在弹出的Add Assertion窗口,选择Script项。

 

3 判断total属性的值

使用Script Assertion 测试JSON 格式的列表,在Script Assertion 窗口中写入如下代码:

def booksRoot = net.sf.json.JSONSerializer.toJSON(messageExchange.responseContent);  
def total = booksRoot.get("total"); 

assert total == 3

返回结果如下:

可以看到断言中total对应的值与测试值是一样的,如果故意写错,会怎么样呢?错误的断言如下:

def booksRoot = net.sf.json.JSONSerializer.toJSON(messageExchange.responseContent);  
def total = booksRoot.get("total"); 

assert total == 10

返回结果如下:

可以看到soapUI提示断言中total的判断是错误的,应该为3。

 

4 判断resources节点的长度

使用的断言脚本如下:

def root = net.sf.json.JSONSerializer.toJSON(messageExchange.responseContent);  
def resources = root.get("resources"); 

assert resources.size() == 3

 

5 判断resource第一个节点的username属性为 test03-SD

def root = net.sf.json.JSONSerializer.toJSON(messageExchange.responseContent);  
def resources = root.get("resources"); 

assert resources[0].get(\'username\') == \'test03-SD\'

 

二 例子

1,测试带参数的restful api

请求地址: 

http://127.0.0.1:8083/auth/api/v2/user/userList?param={“user_userType”:”1″,”startpage”:”1″,”pagesize”:”10″,”morgId”:”e1339799-628e-11e6-9e1b-e0db55cd9154″}

请求方法: get

返回json格式数据:

[
      {
      "uuid": "053c951668a04144addc3336fc3967ad",
      "created": 1491976927000,
      "username": "吉林域管理员",
      "password": null,
      "firstname": "吉林",
      "lastname": null,
      "email": "123@qq.com",
      "state": "enabled",
      "apiKey": null,
      "secretKey": null,
      "salt": "c271b448fe2bf0dacadc7680a85116bc",
      "userType": "1",
      "tenantId": null,
      "sex": "2",
      "location": null,
      "contractNumber": null,
      "qq": null,
      "photoPath": null,
      "incorrectLoginAttempts": 0,
      "roleList": null,
      "tenantName": null,
      "morgId": "9ea8e621-628e-11e6-9e1b-e0db55cd9154",
      "morgName": "吉林分公司",
      "userMorgUuid": null,
      "uorgName": null,
      "uorgPath": null,
      "projectName": null,
      "morgPath": "//吉林分公司",
      "roleUuid": null,
      "userIds": null
   },
      {
      "uuid": "088d6cf6a9c345b2b7191fe9a8366fcb",
      "created": 1487226069000,
      "username": "湖北域管理员2345",
      "password": null,
      "firstname": "111",
      "lastname": null,
      "email": "1@1.cn",
      "state": "enabled",
      "apiKey": null,
      "secretKey": null,
      "salt": "a41cd19102835984efba2f03af18b619",
      "userType": "1",
      "tenantId": null,
      "sex": "1",
      "location": null,
      "contractNumber": null,
      "qq": null,
      "photoPath": null,
      "incorrectLoginAttempts": 0,
      "roleList": null,
      "tenantName": null,
      "morgId": "9ebbe3c1-628e-11e6-9e1b-e0db55cd9154",
      "morgName": "湖北分公司",
      "userMorgUuid": null,
      "uorgName": null,
      "uorgPath": null,
      "projectName": null,
      "morgPath": "//湖北分公司",
      "roleUuid": null,
      "userIds": null
   }
]

 

soapUI中Http Requst配置,添加请求参数。

 

  测试断言:

def root = net.sf.json.JSONSerializer.toJSON(messageExchange.responseContent);  
log.info( root.size() ) assert root.size()
== 2

 

2,测试带参数的restful api

请求地址: 

http://127.0.0.1:8083/auth/api/v2/role/general/morg

请求方法: post

请求数据:

{
    "uuid": "f38d750764104239a395b882e2818b6d4",
    "created": 1497404266481,
    "removed": null,
    "roleName": "soapui111",
    "description": "测试岗位",
    "sourceId": null,
    "roleType": "0",
    "adminType": null
}

注意: 这个JSON请求数据中的uuid值必须保证每次发送请求都是唯一的,因为这个uuid代表插入数据数据的主键,必须保证是唯一的。

 

soapUI HttpRequest设置

 

 

断言脚本:

httpResponseHeader = messageExchange.responseHeaders
contentType = httpResponseHeader["Content-Type"]
log.info("Content-Type: => " + contentType)
assert contentType.get(0) == "application/json","Content Type is not an image"
log.info(  httpResponseHeader["#status#"] )
 

 

使用场景:

适用于简单的restful请求,如果多个restful请求有关联关系,比如第一个restful请求测试添加一条数据记录,返回值有uuid,第二个restful测试删除依赖这个uuid,做删除数据测试。在这种复杂场景下,就不适用于soapUI 了。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

参考资料:

https://www.soapui.org/functional-testing/validating-messages/using-script-assertions.html

https://wenku.baidu.com/view/40b3598e680203d8ce2f245e.html

http://blog.csdn.net/liuchangxin1982/article/details/50561104 

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