CORBA,是一个很古老的技术,甚至诞生于Java之前,不过随着WebService、SOA、RMI等等技术的出现,CORBA由于过于复杂而渐渐淡出了人们的视线,不过在一些交互性很强的系统异构应用领域,CORBA似乎很重要,比如中国联通、移动、美国的数字电视系统应用领域,是CORBA把整个系统核心部分集成起来的。如果没有异构的、需要预留标准接口的、交互性很强的应用,你不应该考虑使用COBRA。
 
CORBA目前的最近版本规范是3.2,Java1.5、1.6均支持该版本。
 
CORBA比较亲和C++,对Java程序员来说,开始CORBA应用难度比较大,以至于网上找一个真正能跑的HelloWorld都很难。
 
下面是我经过阅读SUN的CORBA文档,所做的一个完整的HelloWorld实例:
 
一、定义IDL
 
module HelloApp{ 
        interface Hello{ 
                string sayHello(); 
                oneway void shutdown(); 
        }; 
};
 
没有IDL的专门的开发工具,写起来容易出错,而且不美观,IDEA勉强支持语法高亮,但不支持格式化和语法校验!
 
二、从IDL生成存根
 
进入IDL文件存放目录,然后执行:idlj -fall Hello.idl
 
会生成一批Java文件:
 
helloCorba\src\HelloApp
HelloPOA.java 
_HelloStub.java 
HelloHolder.java 
HelloHelper.java 
Hello.java 
HelloOperations.java
 
三、实现IDL接口,开发服务端程序
 
import HelloApp.Hello; 
import HelloApp.HelloHelper; 
import HelloApp.HelloPOA; 
import org.omg.CORBA.ORB; 
import org.omg.CosNaming.NameComponent; 
import org.omg.CosNaming.NamingContextExt; 
import org.omg.CosNaming.NamingContextExtHelper; 
import org.omg.PortableServer.POA; 
import org.omg.PortableServer.POAHelper; 

class HelloImpl extends HelloPOA { 
        private ORB orb; 

        public void setORB(ORB orb_val) { 
                orb = orb_val; 
        } 

        // implement sayHello() method 
        public String sayHello() { 
                return “\nHello world !!\n”
        } 

        // implement shutdown() method 
        public void shutdown() { 
                orb.shutdown(false); 
        } 

public class HelloServer { 

        public static void main(String args[]) { 
                try { 
                        //创建一个ORB实例 
                        ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null); 

                        //得到一个RootPOA的引用,并激活POAManager 
                        POA rootpoa = POAHelper.narrow(orb.resolve_initial_references(“RootPOA”)); 
                        rootpoa.the_POAManager().activate(); 

                        // create servant and register it with the ORB 
                        //创建一个HelloImpl实例(servant),并注册到ORB上 
                        HelloImpl helloImpl = new HelloImpl(); 
                        helloImpl.setORB(orb); 

                        //从服务中得到对象的引用 
                        org.omg.CORBA.Object ref = rootpoa.servant_to_reference(helloImpl); 
                        Hello href = HelloHelper.narrow(ref); 

                        //得到一个根名称的上下文 
                        org.omg.CORBA.Object objRef = orb.resolve_initial_references(“NameService”); 
                        // Use NamingContextExt which is part of the Interoperable 
                        // Naming Service (INS) specification. 
                        NamingContextExt ncRef = NamingContextExtHelper.narrow(objRef); 

                        //在命名上下文中绑定这个对象 
                        String name = “Hello”
                        NameComponent path[] = ncRef.to_name(name); 
                        ncRef.rebind(path, href); 

                        System.out.println(“HelloServer ready and waiting …”); 

                        //启动线程服务,等待客户端的调用 
                        orb.run(); 
                }catch (Exception e) { 
                        System.err.println(“ERROR: “ + e); 
                        e.printStackTrace(System.out); 
                } 
                System.out.println(“HelloServer Exiting …”); 
        } 
}

 
四、实现CORBA的客户端
 
import HelloApp.Hello; 
import HelloApp.HelloHelper; 
import org.omg.CORBA.ORB; 
import org.omg.CosNaming.NamingContextExt; 
import org.omg.CosNaming.NamingContextExtHelper; 

public class HelloClient { 
        static Hello helloImpl; 

        public static void main(String args[]) { 
                try { 
                        //创建一个ORB实例 
                        ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null); 

                        //获取根名称上下文 
                        org.omg.CORBA.Object objRef = orb.resolve_initial_references(“NameService”); 
                        // Use NamingContextExt instead of NamingContext. This is 
                        // part of the Interoperable naming Service. 
                        NamingContextExt ncRef = NamingContextExtHelper.narrow(objRef); 

                        //从命名上下文中获取接口实现对象 
                        String name = “Hello”
                        helloImpl = HelloHelper.narrow(ncRef.resolve_str(name)); 

                        //调用接口对象的方法 
                        System.out.println(“Obtained a handle on server object: “ + helloImpl); 
                        System.out.println(helloImpl.sayHello()); 
                        helloImpl.shutdown(); 

                } catch (Exception e) { 
                        System.out.println(“ERROR : “ + e); 
                        e.printStackTrace(System.out); 
                } 
        }

}
 
五、运行
 
1)运行CORBA服务
orbd -ORBInitialPort 1050 -ORBInitialHost 192.168.14.117
 
2)运行CORBA应用的服务端
java HelloServer -ORBInitialPort 1050
 
输出:
HelloServer ready and waiting … 
HelloServer Exiting …
 
3)运行CORBA应用的客户端
java HelloClient -ORBInitialHost 192.168.14.117 -ORBInitialPort 1050
 
Obtained a handle on server object: IOR:000000000000001749444c3a48656c6c6f4170702f48656c6c6f3a312e30000000000001000000000000008a000102000000000f3139322e3136382e31342e313137000006db000000000031afabcb00000000206d3bb80000000001000000000000000100000008526f6f74504f410000000008000000010000000014000000000000020000000100000020000000000001000100000002050100010001002000010109000000010001010000000026000000020002 

Hello world !!

 
呵呵,很垃圾吧,但是客户要,我们就做!
 
太费劲了,如果做一个接口很复杂,参数很多,自定义类型不少的CORBA应用,复杂度将很好,如果经常改,那就更加郁闷了。

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