在HTML中实现和使用遮罩层

Web页面中使用遮罩层，可防止重复操作，提示loading；也可以模拟弹出模态窗口。

实现思路：一个DIV作为遮罩层，一个DIV显示loading动态GIF图片。在下面的示例代码中，同时展示了如何在iframe子页面中调用显示和隐藏遮罩层。

示例代码：

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Commpatible" content="IE=edge">
<title>HTML遮罩层</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css">
</head>
<body>
    <div class="header" id="header">
        <div class="title-outer">
            <span class="title">
                HTML遮罩层使用
            </span>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="body" id="body">
        <iframe id="iframeRight" name="iframeRight" width="100%" height="100%"
            scrolling="no" frameborder="0"
            style="border: 0px;margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 100%; height: 100%;overflow: hidden;"
            onload="rightIFrameLoad(this)" src="body.html"></iframe>
    </div>
    
    <!-- 遮罩层DIV -->
    <div id="overlay" class="overlay"></div>
    <!-- Loading提示 DIV -->
    <div id="loadingTip" class="loading-tip">
        <img src="images/loading.gif" />
    </div>
    
    <!-- 模拟模态窗口DIV -->
    <div class="modal" id="modalDiv"></div>
    
    <script type=\'text/javascript\' src="js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

css/index.css

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

html, body {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    font-size: 14px;
}

div.header {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100px;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;
}

div.title-outer {
    position: relative;
    top: 50%;
    height: 30px;
}
span.title {
    text-align: left;
    position: relative;
    left: 3%;
    top: -50%;
    font-size: 22px;
}

div.body {
    width: 100%;
}
.overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0px;
    left: 0px;
    z-index: 10001;
    display:none;
    filter:alpha(opacity=60);
    background-color: #777;
    opacity: 0.5;
    -moz-opacity: 0.5;
}
.loading-tip {
    z-index: 10002;
    position: fixed;
    display:none;
}
.loading-tip img {
    width:100px;
    height:100px;
}

.modal {
    position:absolute;
    width: 600px;
    height: 360px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    box-shadow: 0px 3px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    display: none;
    z-index: 10003;
    border-radius: 6px;
}

js/index.js

function rightIFrameLoad(iframe) {
    var pHeight = getWindowInnerHeight() - $(\'#header\').height() - 5;
    
    $(\'div.body\').height(pHeight);
    console.log(pHeight);
    
}

// 浏览器兼容 取得浏览器可视区高度
function getWindowInnerHeight() {
    var winHeight = window.innerHeight
            || (document.documentElement && document.documentElement.clientHeight)
            || (document.body && document.body.clientHeight);
    return winHeight;
    
}

// 浏览器兼容 取得浏览器可视区宽度
function getWindowInnerWidth() {
    var winWidth = window.innerWidth
            || (document.documentElement && document.documentElement.clientWidth)
            || (document.body && document.body.clientWidth);
    return winWidth;
    
}

/**
 * 显示遮罩层
 */
function showOverlay() {
    // 遮罩层宽高分别为页面内容的宽高
    $(\'.overlay\').css({\'height\':$(document).height(),\'width\':$(document).width()});
    $(\'.overlay\').show();
}

/**
 * 显示Loading提示
 */
function showLoading() {
    // 先显示遮罩层
    showOverlay();
    // Loading提示窗口居中
    $("#loadingTip").css(\'top\',
            (getWindowInnerHeight() - $("#loadingTip").height()) / 2 + \'px\');
    $("#loadingTip").css(\'left\',
            (getWindowInnerWidth() - $("#loadingTip").width()) / 2 + \'px\');
            
    $("#loadingTip").show();
    $(document).scroll(function() {
        return false;
    });
}

/**
 * 隐藏Loading提示
 */
function hideLoading() {
    $(\'.overlay\').hide();
    $("#loadingTip").hide();
    $(document).scroll(function() {
        return true;
    });
}

/**
 * 模拟弹出模态窗口DIV
 * @param innerHtml 模态窗口HTML内容
 */
function showModal(innerHtml) {
    // 取得显示模拟模态窗口用DIV
    var dialog = $(\'#modalDiv\');
    
    // 设置内容
    dialog.html(innerHtml);
    
    // 模态窗口DIV窗口居中
    dialog.css({
        \'top\' : (getWindowInnerHeight() - dialog.height()) / 2 + \'px\',
        \'left\' : (getWindowInnerWidth() - dialog.width()) / 2 + \'px\'
    });
    
    // 窗口DIV圆角
    dialog.find(\'.modal-container\').css(\'border-radius\',\'6px\');
    
    // 模态窗口关闭按钮事件
    dialog.find(\'.btn-close\').click(function(){
        closeModal();
    });
    
    // 显示遮罩层
    showOverlay();
    
    // 显示遮罩层
    dialog.show();
}

/**
 * 模拟关闭模态窗口DIV
 */
function closeModal() {
    $(\'.overlay\').hide();
    $(\'#modalDiv\').hide();
    $(\'#modalDiv\').html(\'\');
}

body.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Commpatible" content="IE=edge">
<title>body 页面</title>
<style type="text/css">
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

html, body {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

.outer {
    width: 200px;
    height: 120px;
    position: relative;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
}

.inner {
    width: 200px;
    height: 120px;
    position: relative;
    top: -50%;
    left: -50%;
}

.button {
    width: 200px;
    height: 40px;
    position: relative;
}
 
.button#btnShowLoading {
    top: 0;
}

.button#btnShowModal {
    top: 30%;
}

</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
    
    function showOverlay() {
        // 调用父窗口显示遮罩层和Loading提示
        window.top.window.showLoading();

        // 使用定时器模拟关闭Loading提示
        setTimeout(function() {
            window.top.window.hideLoading();
        }, 3000);

    }

    function showModal() {
        // 调用父窗口方法模拟弹出模态窗口
        window.top.showModal($(\'#modalContent\').html());
    }
    
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <div class=\'outer\'>
        <div class=\'inner\'>
            <button id=\'btnShowLoading\' class=\'button\' onclick=\'showOverlay();\'>点击弹出遮罩层</button>
            <button id=\'btnShowModal\' class=\'button\' onclick=\'showModal();\'>点击弹出模态窗口</button>
        </div>
    </div>
    
    <!-- 模态窗口内容DIV，将本页面DIV内容设置到父窗口DIV上并模态显示 -->
    <div id=\'modalContent\' style=\'display: none;\'>
        <div class=\'modal-container\' style=\'width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: white;\'>
            <div style=\'width: 100%;height: 49px;position: relative;left: 50%;top: 50%;\'>
                <span style=\'font-size: 36px; width: 100%; text-align:center; display: inline-block; position:inherit; left: -50%;top: -50%;\'>模态窗口1</span>
            </div>
            <button class=\'btn-close\' style=\'width: 100px; height: 30px; position: absolute; right: 30px; bottom: 20px;\'>关闭</button>
        </div>
    </div>
    <script type=\'text/javascript\' src="js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
</body>
</html>