1、第一次:canvas绘制象棋(笨方法)示例代码:
2、第二次:canvas绘制象棋(改进)示例代码:3、第三次:canvas绘制象棋(封装JavaScript)示例代码:运行结果:4、第四次:canvas绘制象棋(封装JavaScript)+绘制棋子示例代码:运行结果如下: 二、示例下载:三、了解更多canvas的知识

一、HTML5学习总结——canvas绘制象棋

1、第一次:canvas绘制象棋(笨方法)示例代码

  1 <!DOCTYPE html>
  2 <html>
  3 
  4     <head>
  5         <meta charset="UTF-8">
  6         <title>canvas绘图_象棋棋盘</title>
  7     </head>
  8 
  9     <body>
 10         <canvas id="canvas1" width="805" height="905">不支持Canvas</canvas>
 11         <script type="text/javascript">
 12             //棋盘外框
 13             var canvas1 = document.getElementById("canvas1");
 14             var ctx = canvas1.getContext("2d");
 15             ctx.lineWidth = 5;
 16             ctx.strokeStyle = "brown";
 17             ctx.strokeRect(3, 3, 800, 900)
 18                 //此方法用来画棋盘线
 19             function LineDrawing(mx, my, lx, ly) {
 20                 ctx.beginPath();
 21                 ctx.moveTo(mx, my);
 22                 ctx.lineTo(lx, ly);
 23                 ctx.stroke();
 24             };
 25             //棋盘列上半部分
 26             ctx.lineWidth = 2;
 27             LineDrawing(100, 5, 100, 400);
 28             LineDrawing(200, 5, 200, 400);
 29             LineDrawing(300, 5, 300, 400);
 30             //斜线
 31             LineDrawing(300, 5, 500, 200);
 32             LineDrawing(400, 5, 400, 400);
 33             LineDrawing(500, 5, 500, 400);
 34             //反斜线
 35             LineDrawing(500, 5, 300, 200);
 36             LineDrawing(600, 5, 600, 400);
 37             LineDrawing(700, 5, 700, 400);
 38             LineDrawing(100, 5, 100, 400);
 39             LineDrawing(100, 5, 100, 400);
 40 
 41             //棋盘列下半部分
 42             LineDrawing(100, 500, 100, 900);
 43             LineDrawing(200, 500, 200, 900);
 44             LineDrawing(300, 500, 300, 900);
 45             //斜线
 46             LineDrawing(300, 900, 500, 700);
 47             LineDrawing(400, 500, 400, 900);
 48             LineDrawing(500, 500, 500, 900);
 49             //反斜线
 50             LineDrawing(500, 900, 300, 700);
 51             LineDrawing(600, 500, 600, 900);
 52             LineDrawing(700, 500, 700, 900);
 53             //棋盘行
 54             LineDrawing(5, 100, 800, 100);
 55             LineDrawing(5, 200, 800, 200);
 56             LineDrawing(5, 300, 800, 300);
 57             LineDrawing(5, 400, 800, 400);
 58             LineDrawing(5, 500, 800, 500);
 59             LineDrawing(5, 600, 800, 600);
 60             LineDrawing(5, 700, 800, 700);
 61             LineDrawing(5, 800, 800, 800);
 62 
 63             //中心点一(100,200)
 64             //左上
 65             LineDrawing(90, 170, 90, 190);
 66             LineDrawing(90, 190, 70, 190);
 67             //右上
 68             LineDrawing(110, 170, 110, 190);
 69             LineDrawing(110, 190, 130, 190);
 70             //左下
 71             LineDrawing(90, 230, 90, 210);
 72             LineDrawing(90, 210, 70, 210);
 73             //右下
 74             LineDrawing(110, 230, 110, 210);
 75             LineDrawing(110, 210, 130, 210);
 76             //中心点二(700,200)
 77             //左上
 78             LineDrawing(690, 170, 690, 190);
 79             LineDrawing(690, 190, 670, 190);
 80             //右上
 81             LineDrawing(710, 170, 710, 190);
 82             LineDrawing(710, 190, 730, 190);
 83             //左下
 84             LineDrawing(690, 230, 690, 210);
 85             LineDrawing(690, 210, 670, 210);
 86             //右下
 87             LineDrawing(710, 230, 710, 210);
 88             LineDrawing(710, 210, 730, 210);
 89             //中心点三(0,300)
 90             //右上
 91             LineDrawing(20, 270, 20, 290);
 92             LineDrawing(20, 290, 40, 290);
 93             //右下
 94             LineDrawing(20, 330, 20, 310);
 95             LineDrawing(20, 310, 40, 310);
 96             //中心点四(200,300)
 97             //左上
 98             LineDrawing(190, 270, 190, 290);
 99             LineDrawing(190, 290, 170, 290);
100             //右上
101             LineDrawing(210, 270, 210, 290);
102             LineDrawing(210, 290, 230, 290);
103             //左下
104             LineDrawing(190, 330, 190, 310);
105             LineDrawing(190, 310, 170, 310);
106             //右下
107             LineDrawing(210, 330, 210, 310);
108             LineDrawing(210, 310, 230, 310);
109             //中心点五(400,300)
110             //左上
111             LineDrawing(390, 270, 390, 290);
112             LineDrawing(390, 290, 370, 290);
113             //右上
114             LineDrawing(410, 270, 410, 290);
115             LineDrawing(410, 290, 430, 290);
116             //左下
117             LineDrawing(390, 330, 390, 310);
118             LineDrawing(390, 310, 370, 310);
119             //右下
120             LineDrawing(410, 330, 410, 310);
121             LineDrawing(410, 310, 430, 310);
122             //中心点六(600,300)
123             //左上
124             LineDrawing(590, 270, 590, 290);
125             LineDrawing(590, 290, 570, 290);
126             //右上
127             LineDrawing(610, 270, 610, 290);
128             LineDrawing(610, 290, 630, 290);
129             //左下
130             LineDrawing(590, 330, 590, 310);
131             LineDrawing(590, 310, 570, 310);
132             //右下
133             LineDrawing(610, 330, 610, 310);
134             LineDrawing(610, 310, 630, 310);
135             //中心点七(800,300)
136             //左上
137             LineDrawing(790, 270, 790, 290);
138             LineDrawing(790, 290, 770, 290);
139             //左下
140             LineDrawing(790, 330, 790, 310);
141             LineDrawing(790, 310, 770, 310);
142             //中心点八——对应中心点七(800,600)
143             //左上
144             LineDrawing(790, 570, 790, 590);
145             LineDrawing(790, 590, 770, 590);
146             //左下
147             LineDrawing(790, 630, 790, 610);
148             LineDrawing(790, 610, 770, 610);
149             //中心点九——对应中心点六(600,600)
150             //左上
151             LineDrawing(590, 570, 590, 590);
152             LineDrawing(590, 590, 570, 590);
153             //右上
154             LineDrawing(610, 570, 610, 590);
155             LineDrawing(610, 590, 630, 590);
156             //左下
157             LineDrawing(590, 630, 590, 610);
158             LineDrawing(590, 610, 570, 610);
159             //右下
160             LineDrawing(610, 630, 610, 610);
161             LineDrawing(610, 610, 630, 610);
162             //中心点十——对应中心点五(400,600)
163             //左上
164             LineDrawing(390, 570, 390, 590);
165             LineDrawing(390, 590, 370, 590);
166             //右上
167             LineDrawing(410, 570, 410, 590);
168             LineDrawing(410, 590, 430, 590);
169             //左下
170             LineDrawing(390, 630, 390, 610);
171             LineDrawing(390, 610, 370, 610);
172             //右下
173             LineDrawing(410, 630, 410, 610);
174             LineDrawing(410, 610, 430, 610);
175             //中心点十一——对应中心点四(200,600)
176             //左上
177             LineDrawing(190, 570, 190, 590);
178             LineDrawing(190, 590, 170, 590);
179             //右上
180             LineDrawing(210, 570, 210, 590);
181             LineDrawing(210, 590, 230, 590);
182             //左下
183             LineDrawing(190, 630, 190, 610);
184             LineDrawing(190, 610, 170, 610);
185             //右下
186             LineDrawing(210, 630, 210, 610);
187             LineDrawing(210, 610, 230, 610);
188             //中心点十二——对应中心点三(0,600)
189             //右上
190             LineDrawing(20, 570, 20, 590);
191             LineDrawing(20, 590, 40, 590);
192             //右下
193             LineDrawing(20, 630, 20, 610);
194             LineDrawing(20, 610, 40, 610);
195             //中心点十三——对应中心点二(700,500)
196             //左上
197             LineDrawing(690, 670, 690, 690);
198             LineDrawing(690, 690, 670, 690);
199             //右上
200             LineDrawing(710, 670, 710, 690);
201             LineDrawing(710, 690, 730, 690);
202             //左下
203             LineDrawing(690, 730, 690, 710);
204             LineDrawing(690, 710, 670, 710);
205             //右下
206             LineDrawing(710, 730, 710, 710);
207             LineDrawing(710, 710, 730, 710);
208             //中心点十四——对应中心点一(100,500)
209             //左上
210             LineDrawing(90, 670, 90, 690);
211             LineDrawing(90, 690, 70, 690);
212             //右上
213             LineDrawing(110, 670, 110, 690);
214             LineDrawing(110, 690, 130, 690);
215             //左下
216             LineDrawing(90, 730, 90, 710);
217             LineDrawing(90, 710, 70, 710);
218             //右下
219             LineDrawing(110, 730, 110, 710);
220             LineDrawing(110, 710, 130, 710);
221             //字体填充:楚河 汉界    
222             //设置线宽
223             ctx.lineWidth = 1;
224             //绘制文字
225             ctx.font = "60px microsoft yahei";
226             ctx.save();//保存点
227             //将坐标中心作为起启点
228             ctx.translate(canvas1.width / 2, canvas1.height / 2);
229             var radian = Math.PI / 2; // 弧度制
230             ctx.rotate(radian); // 旋转画布绘制刻度
231             //填充
232             ctx.fillText("", -30, -270);
233             ctx.fillText("", -30, -150);
234             ctx.restore();//恢复到保存点
235             ctx.save();
236             //将坐标中心作为起启点
237             ctx.translate(canvas1.width / 2, canvas1.height / 2);
238             var radian = Math.PI / -2; 
239             ctx.rotate(radian); 
240             ctx.fillText("", -30, -270);
241             ctx.fillText("", -30, -150);
242             ctx.restore();
243         </script>
244     </body>
245 </html>

View Code

运行结果:

小结: 刚刚学习了canvas,做了一个简单的示例,希望能巩固一下自己所学的知识,从上面的代码可以看出存在很多不足的地方,比如:代码冗余,绘制棋盘的方法也不是很好,虽然功能是实现了,但作为一名写程序的程序员我们要追求完美,不是吗?,所以我又分析了一下我写的代码,发现有很多可以改进的地方比如:绘制棋盘的方法可以用循环来做相对好一些,下面是我的第二次代码改进。

2、第二次:canvas绘制象棋(改进)示例代码

  1 <!DOCTYPE html>
  2 <html>
  3 
  4     <head>
  5         <meta charset="UTF-8">
  6         <title>canvas绘图_象棋棋盘</title>
  7     </head>
  8 
  9     <body>
 10         <canvas id="canvas1" width="805" height="905">不支持Canvas</canvas>
 11         <script type="text/javascript">
 12             //棋盘外框
 13             var canvas1 = document.getElementById("canvas1");
 14             var ctx = canvas1.getContext("2d");
 15             ctx.lineWidth = 5;
 16             ctx.strokeStyle = "brown";
 17             ctx.strokeRect(3, 3, 800, 900)
 18 
 19             //此方法用来画棋盘线
 20             function LineDrawing(mx, my, lx, ly) {
 21                 ctx.beginPath();
 22                 ctx.moveTo(mx, my);
 23                 ctx.lineTo(lx, ly);
 24                 ctx.stroke();
 25             };
 26 
 27             //棋盘行
 28             function row() {
 29                 for(var i = 100; i <= 800; i += 100) {
 30                     ctx.beginPath();
 31                     ctx.moveTo(5, i);
 32                     ctx.lineTo(800, i);
 33                     ctx.stroke();
 34                 }
 35             }
 36             row();
 37             //棋盘列
 38             function cols() {
 39                 for(var i = 100; i <= 700; i += 100) {
 40                     ctx.beginPath();
 41                     ctx.moveTo(i, 5);
 42                     ctx.lineTo(i, 900);
 43                     ctx.stroke();
 44                 }
 45                 //清除指定的矩形区域
 46                 ctx.clearRect(5, 402, 795, 95);
 47                 //斜线
 48                 LineDrawing(300, 5, 500, 200);
 49                 LineDrawing(300, 705, 500, 900);
 50                 //反斜线
 51                 LineDrawing(500, 5, 300, 200);
 52                 LineDrawing(500, 705, 300, 900);
 53             }
 54             cols();
 55 
 56             function center(x, y) {
 57                 //中心点一(100,200)
 58                 //左上
 59                 LineDrawing(x - 10, y - 30, x - 10, y - 10);
 60                 LineDrawing(x - 10, y - 10, x - 30, y - 10);
 61                 //右上
 62                 LineDrawing(x + 10, y - 30, x + 10, y - 10);
 63                 LineDrawing(x + 10, y - 10, x + 30, y - 10);
 64                 //左下
 65                 LineDrawing(x - 10, y + 30, x - 10, y + 10);
 66                 LineDrawing(x - 10, y + 10, x - 30, y + 10);
 67                 //右下
 68                 LineDrawing(x + 10, y + 30, x + 10, y + 10);
 69                 LineDrawing(x + 10, y + 10, x + 30, y + 10);
 70             }
 71 
 72             //中心点一(100,200)
 73             center(100, 200);
 74             //中心点二(700,200)
 75             center(700, 200);
 76             //中心点三(5,300)
 77             center(5, 300);
 78             //中心点四(200,300)
 79             center(200, 300);
 80             //中心点五(400,300)
 81             center(400, 300);
 82             //中心点六(600,300)
 83             center(600, 300);
 84             //中心点七(800,300)
 85             center(800, 300);
 86             //中心点八(800,600)
 87             center(800, 600);
 88             //中心点九(600,600)
 89             center(600, 600);
 90             //中心点十(400,600)
 91             center(400, 600);
 92             //中心点十一(200,600)
 93             center(200, 600);
 94             //中心点十二(5,600)
 95             center(5, 600);
 96             //中心点十三(700,700)
 97             center(700, 700);
 98             //中心点十四(100,700)
 99             center(100, 700);
100             //字体填充:楚河 汉界    
101             //设置线宽
102             ctx.lineWidth = 1;
103             //绘制文字
104             ctx.font = "60px microsoft yahei";
105             ctx.save(); //保存点
106             //将坐标中心作为起启点
107             ctx.translate(canvas1.width / 2, canvas1.height / 2);
108             var radian = Math.PI / 2; // 弧度制
109             ctx.rotate(radian); // 旋转画布绘制刻度
110             //填充
111             ctx.fillText("", -30, -270);
112             ctx.fillText("", -30, -150);
113             ctx.restore(); //恢复到保存点
114             ctx.save();
115             //将坐标中心作为起启点
116             ctx.translate(canvas1.width / 2, canvas1.height / 2);
117             var radian = Math.PI / -2; 
118             ctx.rotate(radian); // 旋转画布绘制刻度
119             ctx.fillText("", -30, -270);
120             ctx.fillText("", -30, -150);
121             ctx.restore();
122         </script>
123     </body>
124 
125 </html>

View Code

运行结果:

小结: 经过一番改进,代码从原来的245行代码减少到了125行,代码冗余和方法使用的问题解决了,那么是不是完事了呢?我再次检查了一下我写的代码,发现还是有改进的地方,就是JavaScript脚本写的比较乱,定义的方法变量都暴露都直接暴露在window下有可能与别的js冲突,可以进行简单封装,下面是我的第三次代码改进。

3、第三次:canvas绘制象棋(封装JavaScript)示例代码

  1 <!DOCTYPE html>
  2 <html>
  3 
  4     <head>
  5         <meta charset="UTF-8">
  6         <title>canvas绘图_象棋盘</title>
  7     </head>
  8 
  9     <body>
 10         <canvas id="canvas1" width="805" height="905">不支持Canvas</canvas>
 11         <script type="text/javascript">
 12             var object = {
 13                 //初始化
 14                 init: function() {
 15                     //棋盘外框
 16                     var canvas1 = document.getElementById("canvas1");
 17                     this.ctx = canvas1.getContext("2d");
 18                     this.ctx.lineWidth = 5;
 19                     this.ctx.strokeStyle = "brown";
 20                     this.ctx.strokeRect(3, 3, 800, 900);
 21 
 22                     this.row();
 23                     this.cols();
 24                     this.drawFont();
 25                     //中心点一(100,200)
 26                     this.center(100, 200);
 27                     //中心点二(700,200)
 28                     this.center(700, 200);
 29                     //中心点三(5,300)
 30                     this.center(5, 300);
 31                     //中心点四(200,300)
 32                     this.center(200, 300);
 33                     //中心点五(400,300)
 34                     this.center(400, 300);
 35                     //中心点六(600,300)
 36                     this.center(600, 300);
 37                     //中心点七(800,300)
 38                     this.center(800, 300);
 39                     //中心点八(800,600)
 40                     this.center(800, 600);
 41                     //中心点九(600,600)
 42                     this.center(600, 600);
 43                     //中心点十(400,600)
 44                     this.center(400, 600);
 45                     //中心点十一(200,600)
 46                     this.center(200, 600);
 47                     //中心点十二(5,600)
 48                     this.center(5, 600);
 49                     //中心点十三(700,700)
 50                     this.center(700, 700);
 51                     //中心点十四(100,700)
 52                     this.center(100, 700);
 53 
 54                 },
 55                 //此方法用来画棋盘线
 56                 LineDrawing: function(mx, my, lx, ly) {
 57                     this.ctx.beginPath();
 58                     this.ctx.moveTo(mx, my);
 59                     this.ctx.lineTo(lx, ly);
 60                     this.ctx.stroke();
 61                 },
 62                 //棋盘行
 63                 row: function() {
 64                     for(var i = 100; i <= 800; i += 100) {
 65                         this.ctx.beginPath();
 66                         this.ctx.moveTo(5, i);
 67                         this.ctx.lineTo(800, i);
 68                         this.ctx.stroke();
 69                     }
 70                 },
 71                 //棋盘列
 72                 cols: function() {
 73                     for(var i = 100; i <= 700; i += 100) {
 74                         this.ctx.beginPath();
 75                         this.ctx.moveTo(i, 5);
 76                         this.ctx.lineTo(i, 900);
 77                         this.ctx.stroke();
 78                     }
 79                     //清除指定的矩形区域
 80                     this.ctx.clearRect(5, 402, 795, 95);
 81                     //斜线
 82                     this.LineDrawing(300, 5, 500, 200);
 83                     this.LineDrawing(300, 705, 500, 900);
 84                     //反斜线
 85                     this.LineDrawing(500, 5, 300, 200);
 86                     this.LineDrawing(500, 705, 300, 900);
 87                 },
 88                 //坐标的中心点
 89                 center: function(x, y) {
 90                     this.ctx.lineWidth = 5;
 91                     //中心点一(100,200)
 92                     //左上
 93                     this.LineDrawing(x - 10, y - 30, x - 10, y - 10);
 94                     this.LineDrawing(x - 10, y - 10, x - 30, y - 10);
 95                     //右上
 96                     this.LineDrawing(x + 10, y - 30, x + 10, y - 10);
 97                     this.LineDrawing(x + 10, y - 10, x + 30, y - 10);
 98                     //左下
 99                     this.LineDrawing(x - 10, y + 30, x - 10, y + 10);
100                     this.LineDrawing(x - 10, y + 10, x - 30, y + 10);
101                     //右下
102                     this.LineDrawing(x + 10, y + 30, x + 10, y + 10);
103                     this.LineDrawing(x + 10, y + 10, x + 30, y + 10);
104                 },
105                 drawFont: function() {
106                     this.ctx.lineWidth = 1;
107                     //绘制文字
108                     this.ctx.font = "60px microsoft yahei";
109                     this.ctx.save(); //保存点
110                     //将坐标中心作为起启点
111                     this.ctx.translate(canvas1.width / 2, canvas1.height / 2);
112                     var radian = Math.PI / 2; // 弧度制 Math.PI=π
113                     this.ctx.rotate(radian); // 旋转画布绘制刻度
114                     //填充
115                     
116                     this.ctx.fillText("", -30, -270);
117                     this.ctx.fillText("", -30, -150);
118                     this.ctx.restore(); //恢复到保存点
119                     this.ctx.save();
120                     //将坐标中心作为起启点
121                     this.ctx.translate(canvas1.width / 2, canvas1.height / 2);
122                     var radian = Math.PI / -2; 
123                     this.ctx.rotate(radian);
124                     this.ctx.fillText("", -30, -270);
125                     this.ctx.fillText("", -30, -150);
126                     this.ctx.restore();
127                 }
128             };
129             object.init();
130         </script>
131     </body>
132 </html>

View Code

运行结果:

小结:经过简单封装后的代码,在整个window对象中只暴露object对象,这样看起来就比较好一些了,到现在为止这个简单的示例就可以说是做完了,深呼了口气,终于做完了,然后,再次看了下这个棋盘,发现好像还缺了点什么东西,对,此刻我意识到了,是缺了点东西,象棋…象棋,只有棋盘没有棋子怎么行?然后又做了一些改进,下面是我的第四次代码改进。

4、第四次:canvas绘制象棋(封装JavaScript)+绘制棋子示例代码

  1 <!DOCTYPE html>
  2 <html>
  3 
  4     <head>
  5         <meta charset="UTF-8">
  6         <title>canvas绘图_象棋盘</title>
  7     </head>
  8 
  9     <body>
 10         <canvas id="canvas1" style="background-color:burlywood" width="1005" height="1105">不支持Canvas</canvas>
 11         <img src="../img/blue-ju.gif" id="ju" hidden="hidden" />
 12         <img src="../img/blue-ma.gif" id="ma" hidden="hidden" />
 13         <img src="../img/blue-xiang.gif" id="xiang" hidden="hidden" />
 14         <img src="../img/blue-shi.gif" id="shi" hidden="hidden" />
 15         <img src="../img/blue-jiang.gif" id="jiang" hidden="hidden" />
 16         <img src="../img/blue-pao.gif" id="pao" hidden="hidden" />
 17         <img src="../img/blue-bing.gif" id="bing" hidden="hidden" />
 18 
 19         <img src="../img/red-ju.gif" id="r_ju" hidden="hidden" />
 20         <img src="../img/red-ma.gif" id="r_ma" hidden="hidden" />
 21         <img src="../img/red-xiang.gif" id="r_xiang" hidden="hidden" />
 22         <img src="../img/red-shi.gif" id="r_shi" hidden="hidden" />
 23         <img src="../img/red-jiang.gif" id="r_jiang" hidden="hidden" />
 24         <img src="../img/red-pao.gif" id="r_pao" hidden="hidden" />
 25         <img src="../img/red-bing.gif" id="r_bing" hidden="hidden" />
 26         <script type="text/javascript">
 27             var object = {
 28                 //初始化
 29                 init: function() {
 30                     //棋盘外框
 31                     var canvas1 = document.getElementById("canvas1");
 32                     this.ctx = canvas1.getContext("2d");
 33                     this.ctx.lineWidth = 5;
 34                     this.ctx.strokeStyle = "brown";
 35                     this.ctx.strokeRect(100, 100, 800, 900);
 36 
 37                     this.row();
 38                     this.cols();
 39                     this.drawFont();
 40                     //注意:现在的原点中心为(100,100),所以下面的所有坐标在原来的基础上加(x+100,y+100);
 41                     //中心点一(1000,200)
 42                     this.center(200, 300);
 43                     //中心点二(700,200)
 44                     this.center(800, 300);
 45                     //中心点三(5,300)
 46                     this.center(105, 400);
 47                     //中心点四(200,300)
 48                     this.center(300, 400);
 49                     //中心点五(400,300)
 50                     this.center(500, 400);
 51                     //中心点六(600,300)
 52                     this.center(700, 400);
 53                     //中心点七(800,300)
 54                     this.center(900, 400);
 55                     //中心点八(800,600)
 56                     this.center(900, 700);
 57                     //中心点九(600,600)
 58                     this.center(700, 700);
 59                     //中心点十(400,600)
 60                     this.center(500, 700);
 61                     //中心点十一(200,600)
 62                     this.center(300, 700);
 63                     //中心点十二(5,600)
 64                     this.center(105, 700);
 65                     //中心点十三(700,700)
 66                     this.center(800, 800);
 67                     //中心点十四(100,700)
 68                     this.center(200, 800);
 69 
 70                     //必须当页面中的图片资源加载成功,再画棋子
 71                     window.onload = function() {
 72                         //棋子图片
 73                         var ju = document.getElementById("ju");
 74                         var ma = document.getElementById("ma");
 75                         var xiang = document.getElementById("xiang");
 76                         var shi = document.getElementById("shi");
 77                         var jiang = document.getElementById("jiang");
 78                         var bing = document.getElementById("bing");
 79                         var pao = document.getElementById("pao");
 80 
 81                         var r_ju = document.getElementById("r_ju");
 82                         var r_ma = document.getElementById("r_ma");
 83                         var r_xiang = document.getElementById("r_xiang");
 84                         var r_shi = document.getElementById("r_shi");
 85                         var r_jiang = document.getElementById("r_jiang");
 86                         var r_bing = document.getElementById("r_bing");
 87                         var r_pao = document.getElementById("r_pao");
 88                         //将棋子图像绘制到画布上
 89                         object.ctx.drawImage(ju, 50, 50, 100, 100);
 90                         object.ctx.drawImage(ma, 150, 50, 100, 100);
 91                         object.ctx.drawImage(xiang, 250, 50, 100, 100);
 92                         object.ctx.drawImage(shi, 350, 50, 100, 100);
 93                         object.ctx.drawImage(jiang, 450, 50, 100, 100);
 94                         object.ctx.drawImage(shi, 550, 50, 100, 100);
 95                         object.ctx.drawImage(xiang, 650, 50, 100, 100);
 96                         object.ctx.drawImage(ma, 750, 50, 100, 100);
 97                         object.ctx.drawImage(ju, 850, 50, 100, 100);
 98                         object.ctx.drawImage(pao, 150, 250, 100, 100);
 99                         object.ctx.drawImage(pao, 750, 250, 100, 100);
100                         object.ctx.drawImage(bing, 50, 350, 100, 100);
101                         object.ctx.drawImage(bing, 250, 350, 100, 100);
102                         object.ctx.drawImage(bing, 450, 350, 100, 100);
103                         object.ctx.drawImage(bing, 650, 350, 100, 100);
104                         object.ctx.drawImage(bing, 850, 350, 100, 100);
105 
106                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_ju, 50, 950, 100, 100);
107                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_ma, 150, 950, 100, 100);
108                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_xiang, 250, 950, 100, 100);
109                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_shi, 350, 950, 100, 100);
110                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_jiang, 450, 950, 100, 100);
111                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_shi, 550, 950, 100, 100);
112                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_xiang, 650, 950, 100, 100);
113                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_ma, 750, 950, 100, 100);
114                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_ju, 850, 950, 100, 100);
115                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_pao, 150, 750, 100, 100);
116                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_pao, 750, 750, 100, 100);
117                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_bing, 50, 650, 100, 100);
118                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_bing, 250, 650, 100, 100);
119                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_bing, 450, 650, 100, 100);
120                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_bing, 650, 650, 100, 100);
121                         object.ctx.drawImage(r_bing, 850, 650, 100, 100);
122 
123                     }
124                 },
125                 //此方法用来画棋盘线
126                 LineDrawing: function(mx, my, lx, ly) {
127                     this.ctx.beginPath();
128                     this.ctx.moveTo(mx, my);
129                     this.ctx.lineTo(lx, ly);
130                     this.ctx.stroke();
131                 },
132                 //棋盘行
133                 row: function() {
134                     for(var i = 200; i <= 900; i += 100) {
135                         this.ctx.beginPath();
136                         this.ctx.moveTo(105, i);
137                         this.ctx.lineTo(900, i);
138                         this.ctx.stroke();
139                     }
140                 },
141                 //棋盘列
142                 cols: function() {
143                     for(var i = 200; i <= 800; i += 100) {
144                         this.ctx.beginPath();
145                         this.ctx.moveTo(i, 105);
146                         this.ctx.lineTo(i, 1000);
147                         this.ctx.stroke();
148                     }
149                     //清除指定的矩形区域
150                     //this.ctx.clearRect(5, 402,795, 95);
151                     this.ctx.clearRect(102.5, 502, 795, 95);
152                     //斜线
153                     this.LineDrawing(400, 105, 600, 300);
154                     this.LineDrawing(400, 805, 600, 1000);
155                     //反斜线
156                     this.LineDrawing(600, 105, 400, 300);
157                     this.LineDrawing(600, 805, 400, 1000);
158                 },
159                 //坐标的中心点
160                 center: function(x, y) {
161                     this.ctx.lineWidth = 5;
162                     //中心点一(100,200)
163                     //左上
164                     this.LineDrawing(x - 10, y - 30, x - 10, y - 10);
165                     this.LineDrawing(x - 10, y - 10, x - 30, y - 10);
166                     //右上
167                     this.LineDrawing(x + 10, y - 30, x + 10, y - 10);
168                     this.LineDrawing(x + 10, y - 10, x + 30, y - 10);
169                     //左下
170                     this.LineDrawing(x - 10, y + 30, x - 10, y + 10);
171                     this.LineDrawing(x - 10, y + 10, x - 30, y + 10);
172                     //右下
173                     this.LineDrawing(x + 10, y + 30, x + 10, y + 10);
174                     this.LineDrawing(x + 10, y + 10, x + 30, y + 10);
175                 },
176                 drawFont: function() {
177                     this.ctx.lineWidth = 1;
178                     //绘制文字
179                     this.ctx.font = "60px microsoft yahei";
180                     this.ctx.save(); //保存点
181                     //将坐标中心作为起启点
182                     this.ctx.translate(canvas1.width / 2, canvas1.height / 2);
183                     var radian = Math.PI / 2; // 弧度制 Math.PI=π
184                     this.ctx.rotate(radian); // 旋转画布绘制刻度
185                     //填充
186                     this.ctx.fillText("", -30, -270);
187                     this.ctx.fillText("", -30, -150);
188                     this.ctx.restore(); //恢复到保存点
189                     this.ctx.save();
190                     //将坐标中心作为起点
191                     this.ctx.translate(canvas1.width / 2, canvas1.height / 2);
192                     var radian = Math.PI / -2;
193                     this.ctx.rotate(radian);
194                     this.ctx.fillText("", -30, -270);
195                     this.ctx.fillText("", -30, -150);
196                     this.ctx.restore();
197                 }
198             };
199             object.init();
200         </script>
201     </body>
202 
203 </html>

View Code

运行结果如下:

小结:上面只是在原来的基础上添加了绘制棋子的代码,看到这个效果,感觉算是看到象棋的影子了,通过这个简单的示例,我总结了一下:就是做任何事情都要追求完美,先把功能做好后,再考虑代码优化、美化界面。上面的示例若有不足之处,欢迎大家批评指正!谢谢。

 二、示例下载

GitHub下载地址:https://github.com/SeeYouBug2/Canvas-Draw-Chess.git

三、了解更多canvas的知识

HTML5 学习笔记(四)——canvas绘图、WebGL、SVG

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本文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/SeeYouBug/p/html_canvas_seeyoubug.html