java连接Oracle数据库
此处旨在分享java连接Oracle数据库,对于一些错误的操作没有良好的处理机制，争取后期完善。
Oracle数据库先创建一个表和添加一些数据
1.先在Oracle数据库中创建一个student表:
1 create table student 2 ( 3 id number(11) not null primary key, 4 stu_name varchar(16) not null, 5 gender number(11) default null, 6 age number(11) default null, 7 address varchar(128) default null 8 );
2.向表中增添一些数据
insert into student values(\'1\',\'王小军\',\'1\',\'17\',\'北京市和平里七区30号楼7门102\')
MyEclipse里编写java代码
1.将ojdbc6.jar导入项目中
先创建一个项目，然后在鼠标移到项目上右键–>new–>folder;folder name:lib;这样就在项目中创建了一个文件夹lib;然后将ojdbc6.jar包导入该文件夹中
该包分享地址:链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1jW_ofgU4eJmAn7Y2J5B46A 密码：epkz
鼠标移到该包上;右键–>build path–>add to build path;
2.创建一个类,开始编码
import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData; import java.sql.SQLException; public class OperateOracle { // 定义连接所需的字符串 // 192.168.0.X是本机地址(要改成自己的IP地址)，1521端口号，XE是精简版Oracle的默认数据库名 private static String USERNAMR = "orcl"; private static String PASSWORD = "orcl"; private static String DRVIER = "oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver"; private static String URL = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.X:1521:xe"; // 创建一个数据库连接 Connection connection = null; // 创建预编译语句对象，一般都是用这个而不用Statement PreparedStatement pstm = null; // 创建一个结果集对象 ResultSet rs = null; /** * 向数据库中增加数据 * 首先获取表内数据总数,总数+1为新增数据的id值 * @param stuName:学生姓名 * @param gender:学生性别,1表示男性,2表示女性 * @param age:学生年龄 * @param address:学生住址 */ public void AddData(String stuName, int gender, int age, String address) { connection = getConnection(); // String sql = // "insert into student values(\'1\',\'王小军\',\'1\',\'17\',\'北京市和平里七区30号楼7门102\')"; String sql = "select count(*) from student where 1 = 1"; String sqlStr = "insert into student values(?,?,?,?,?)"; int count = 0; try { // 计算数据库student表中数据总数 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql); rs = pstm.executeQuery(); while (rs.next()) { count = rs.getInt(1) + 1; System.out.println(rs.getInt(1)); } // 执行插入数据操作 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sqlStr); pstm.setInt(1, count); pstm.setString(2, stuName); pstm.setInt(3, gender); pstm.setInt(4, age); pstm.setString(5, address); pstm.executeUpdate(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { ReleaseResource(); } } /** * 向数据库中删除数据 * @param stuName:根据姓名删除数据 */ public void DeleteData(String stuName) { connection = getConnection(); String sqlStr = "delete from student where stu_name=?"; System.out.println(stuName); try { // 执行删除数据操作 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sqlStr); pstm.setString(1, stuName); pstm.executeUpdate(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { ReleaseResource(); } } /** * 向数据库中修改数据 * @param stuName:学生姓名,根据此值查询要修改的某行值 * @param gender * @param age * @param address */ public void UpdateData(String stuName, int gender, int age, String address) { connection = getConnection(); String sql = "select id from student where 1 = 1 and stu_name = ?"; String sqlStr = "update student set stu_name=?,gender=?,age=?,address=? where id=?"; int count = 0; try { // 计算数据库student表中数据总数 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql); pstm.setString(1, stuName); rs = pstm.executeQuery(); while (rs.next()) { count = rs.getInt(1); System.out.println(rs.getInt(1)); } // 执行插入数据操作 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sqlStr); pstm.setString(1, stuName); pstm.setInt(2, gender); pstm.setInt(3, age); pstm.setString(4, address); pstm.setInt(5, count); pstm.executeUpdate(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { ReleaseResource(); } } /** * 向数据库中查询数据 */ public void SelectData() { connection = getConnection(); String sql = "select * from student where 1 = 1"; try { pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql); rs = pstm.executeQuery(); while (rs.next()) { String id = rs.getString("id"); String name = rs.getString("stu_name"); String gender = rs.getString("gender"); String age = rs.getString("age"); String address = rs.getString("address"); System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + gender + "\t" + age + "\t" + address); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { ReleaseResource(); } } /** * 使用ResultSetMetaData计算列数 */ public void SelectData2() { connection = getConnection(); String sql = "select * from employees where 1 = 1"; int count = 0; try { pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql); rs = pstm.executeQuery(); while (rs.next()) { count++; } ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData(); int cols_len = rsmd.getColumnCount(); System.out.println("count=" + count + "\tcols_len=" + cols_len); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { ReleaseResource(); } } /** * 获取Connection对象 * * @return */ public Connection getConnection() { try { Class.forName(DRVIER); connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAMR, PASSWORD); System.out.println("成功连接数据库"); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { throw new RuntimeException("class not find !", e); } catch (SQLException e) { throw new RuntimeException("get connection error!", e); } return connection; } /** * 释放资源 */ public void ReleaseResource() { if (rs != null) { try { rs.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (pstm != null) { try { pstm.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (connection != null) { try { connection.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
3.创建一个测试类
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { /** * 增删改查完成,但是有一定局限性 * 1.增 问题不大 * 2.删 要给出一个值去删除(可能值不存在-->没有处理机制,值不唯一怎么处理?) * 3.改 同删的问题 * 4.查 问题不大 */ //创建OperateOracle对象 OperateOracle oo=new OperateOracle(); //测试增加数据操作 //oo.AddData("孙中山",1,25,"北京市海淀区红旗路111号"); //测试删除数据操作 //oo.DeleteData("孙中山"); //测试更新数据操作 oo.UpdateData("孙中山",1,30,"北京市东城区岳山路11号"); //测试查询数据操作 //oo.SelectData(); //测试ResultSetMetaData类 //oo.SelectData2(); } }
正如测试类中所注释的,此处只可按照正确的方式去连接Oracle数据库,操作增删改查操作,但是对于一些错误操作的处理机制还不够完善。
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