Prometheus alertmanager邮件发送+grafana告警展示
前言
前面一篇博客,我已经介绍了prometheus如何监控mysql。
这一篇我来介绍如何通过alertmanger进行告警邮件发送(微信或钉钉类似,因为需要企业帐户,我就不试了),以及如何通过grafana查看告警。
开始演示
测试机器
Prometheus: 192.168.56.140
Host01:192.168.56.103
安装alertmanager
获取安装包
wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.22.2/alertmanager-0.22.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
创建目录
mkdir -p /etc/alertmanager/
mkdir -p /etc/alertmanager/data
mkdir -p /etc/alertmanager/template/
获取邮件模板
[root@prometheus-server template]# pwd
/etc/alertmanager/template
[root@prometheus-servertemplate]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/prometheus/alertmanager/master/template/default.tmpl
复制文件到/etc/alertmanager目录
[root@prometheus-server ftpusr]cp ./alertmanager-0.22.2.linux-amd64/alertmanager* /etc/alertmanager/.
配置启动服务
[root@prometheus-server alertmanager]# cat /etc/systemd/system/alertmanager.service [Unit] Description=Alertmanager After=network.target [Service] Type=simple User=prometheus ExecStart=/etc/alertmanager/alertmanager \ --config.file=/etc/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml \ --storage.path=/etc/alertmanager/data Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
配置alertmanager邮件发送
如下我使用的是163邮箱来发送邮件。
如需使用SMTP服务,需要先开启服务。开启后,增加授权码,如下配置文件里面的smtp_auth_password填写的是授权码(而不是个人邮箱密码)
[root@prometheus-server alertmanager]# cat alertmanager.yml
global: smtp_smarthost: \'smtp.163.com:25\' smtp_from: \'xxxx@163.com\' smtp_auth_username: \'xxxx@163.com\' smtp_auth_password: \'xxxxxxxxxxx\' smtp_require_tls: false templates: - \'/etc/alertmanager/template/*.tmpl\' route: group_by: [\'alertname\',\'cluster\',\'service\'] group_wait: 10s group_interval: 10s repeat_interval: 10m receiver: \'default-receiver\' receivers: - name: \'default-receiver\' email_configs: - to: \'20889922@qq.com\' html: \'{{ template "email.default.html" . }}\' headers: { Subject: "Prometheus 告警测试邮件" }
启动服务
service alertmanager start
prometheus配置alertmanager
prometheus.yml配置
# Alertmanager configuration alerting: alertmanagers: - static_configs: - targets: ["localhost:9093"] # - alertmanager:9093 # Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global \'evaluation_interval\'. rule_files: - "rules.yml" # - "first_rules.yml" # - "second_rules.yml"
rules.yml配置
[root@prometheus-server prometheus]# cat rules.yml # hostStatsAlert groups: - name: hostStatsAlert rules: - alert: NodeDown expr: up == 0 for: 1m labels: severity: "Critical" annotations: summary: "Instance {{$labels.instance}} down" description: "{{$labels.instance}} of job {{$labels.job}} has been down for more than 5 minutes." - alert: NodeCPUUsage expr: sum(avg without (cpu)(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode!=\'idle\'}[5m]))) by (instance) > 0.85 for: 1m labels: severity: "Warning" annotations: summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} CPU usgae high" description: "{{ $labels.instance }} CPU usage above 85% (current value: {{ $value }})" - alert: NodeMemoryUsage expr: (node_memory_MemTotal_bytes - node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes)/node_memory_MemTotal_bytes > 0.85 for: 1m labels: severity: "Warning" annotations: summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} MEM usgae high" description: "{{ $labels.instance }} MEM usage above 85% (current value: {{ $value }})" - alert: filesystemUsageAlert expr: 100 - ((node_filesystem_avail_bytes{mountpoint="/",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"} * 100) / node_filesystem_size_bytes {mountpoint="/",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}) > 85 for: 1m labels: severity: "Warning" annotations: summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} root DISK usgae high" description: "{{ $labels.instance }} root DISK usage above 85% (current value: {{ $value }})"
重新启动prometheus使服务生效
service prometheus restart
查看告警邮件
等待几分钟后,可以看到邮件的告警信息
登录alertmanager端口,也可查看告警信息
Alertmanager grafana展示
安装
grafana-cli plugins install camptocamp-prometheus-alertmanager-datasource
安装完后,重新启动grafana-server
service grafana-server restart
添加alertmanager datasource
导入dashboard
展示效果
碰到的问题与解决方法
告警展示的时候,虽然alerts有两个告警,但downnode却显示没有。
通过下载展示的JSON文件,查看原来是altername在告警文件中,与JSON文件中不匹配。匹配完成就OK了。
serverity在邮件显示正常,但是grafana无法正常显示。这个还没调查清楚。
估计得需要谷歌了。但是,你能体会中国人无法上谷歌的痛苦吗?
参考资料:
https://www.cnblogs.com/danny-djy/p/11097726.html
https://medium.com/devops-dudes/prometheus-alerting-with-alertmanager-e1bbba8e6a8e