http和webservice接口测试有什么区别？

webservice的基础组成是http+xml

三要素：soap传输协议，uddi，wsdl（webservice描述语言xml格式）

优点：跨平台，跨程序

缺点：xml格式，传输和解析耗费资源大

 

一。wsdl接口怎样使用python测试

官网文档地址：https://fedorahosted.org/suds/wiki/Documentation

1.什么是wsdl接口，本质是xml，框架很多比如cxf

2.python怎样调用wsdl接口，suds模块

入门例子，了解下wsdl和suds的样子

查询ip归属地

>>> import suds
>>> url="http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/IpAddressSearchWebService.asmx?wsdl"
>>> client=suds.client.Client(url)
>>> print client

打印结果：描述的很清楚，包括seivice，port 和method，直接调用你需要的

Suds ( https://fedorahosted.org/suds/ )  version: 0.4 GA  build: R699-20100913

Service ( IpAddressSearchWebService ) tns="http://WebXml.com.cn/"
   Prefixes (1)
      ns0 = "http://WebXml.com.cn/"
   Ports (2):
      (IpAddressSearchWebServiceSoap)
         Methods (3):
            getCountryCityByIp(xs:string theIpAddress, )
            getGeoIPContext()
            getVersionTime()
         Types (1):
            ArrayOfString
      (IpAddressSearchWebServiceSoap12)
         Methods (3):
            getCountryCityByIp(xs:string theIpAddress, )
            getGeoIPContext()
            getVersionTime()
         Types (1):
            ArrayOfString

 

调用方法：

res=client.service[\'IpAddressSearchWebServiceSoap12\'].getCountryCityByIp(\'8.8.8.8\')
print res

返回结果：

(ArrayOfString){
   string[] = 
      "8.8.8.8",
      "美国 加利福尼亚州山景市谷歌公司DNS服务器",
 }

 

2.如果wsdl比较复杂，比如有多个service和port，使用client.service[service][port].getBank()，

如果不指定，默认是第一service的第一个port的第一个method

下面的就可以写成这样
client.service[\'OtherBLZService\'][\'soap\'].getBank()
client.service[1][0].getBank()
Suds - version: 0.3.7 build: (beta) R550-20090820

Service (BLZService) tns="http://thomas-bayer.com/blz/"
   Prefixes (1)
     ns0 = "http://thomas-bayer.com/blz/"
   Ports (2):
     (soap)
       Methods (1):
         getBank(xs:string blz, )
     (soap12)
       Methods (1):
         getBank(xs:string blz, )
   Types (5):
      getBankType
      getBankResponseType
      getBankType
      getBankResponseType
      detailsType

Service (OtherBLZService) tns="http://thomas-bayer.com/blz/"
   Prefixes (1)
     ns0 = "http://thomas-bayer.com/blz/"
   Ports (2):
     (soap)
       Methods (1):
         getBank(xs:string blz, )
     (soap12)
       Methods (1):
         getBank(xs:string blz, )
   Types (5):
      getBankType
      getBankResponseType
      getBankType
      getBankResponseType
      detailsType

 

复杂参数： 

Suds - version: 0.3.3 build: (beta) R397-20081121

Service (WebServiceTestBeanService) tns="http://test.server.enterprise.rhq.org/"
   Prefixes (1):
     ns0 = "http://test.server.enterprise.rhq.org/"
   Ports (1):
     (Soap)
       Methods:
         addPerson(Person person, )
         echo(xs:string arg0, )
         getList(xs:string str, xs:int length, )
         getPercentBodyFat(xs:string name, xs:int height, xs:int weight)
         getPersonByName(Name name, )
         hello()
         testExceptions()
         testListArg(xs:string[] list, )
         testVoid()
         updatePerson(AnotherPerson person, name name, )
   Types (23):
     Person
     Name
     Phone
     AnotherPerson

首先看下type里参数是什么样子的

c=suds.client.Client(url)
person=c.factory.create(\'Person\')
print person
(Person)=
  {
    phone = []
    age = NONE
    name(Name) = 
        {
            last = NONE
            first = NONE
        }
   }

 

赋值有2中方法

1.基本：

phone = client.factory.create(\'Phone\')
phone.npa = 202
phone.nxx = 555
phone.number = 1212

name = client.factory.create(\'Name\')
name.first = \'Elmer\'
name.last = \'Fudd\'

person.name = name
person.age = 35
person.phone = [phone]

json

person{}
phone={\'npa\':202,\'nxx\':222,\'number\':\'2222\',}
name={\'first\':\'li\',\'last\':\'mi\'}

person[\'name\']=name
person[\'age\']=22
person[\'phone\']=[phone,]

 使用jmeter测试webservice接口，可查看我后来写的

https://www.cnblogs.com/xueli/p/9681526.html

 

 二。http接口

使用requests

1.无参数get

 r = requests.get(\'http://httpbin.org/get\')
 print r.text

{
  "args": {}, 
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*", 
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, compress", 
    "Host": "httpbin.org", 
    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.2.1 CPython/2.7.5 Windows/7"
  }, 
  "origin": "223.202.116.5", 
  "url": "http://httpbin.org/get"
}

有参数get

r = requests.get(\'http://www.so.com/s\',params = {\'q\':\'wwwww\'})
print r.text

2.post,参数是字典

payload = {\'name\':\'mmmmmmiiiiii\',\'con\':\'hello\'}
r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)
print r.text

{
  "args": {}, 
  "data": "", 
  "files": {}, 
  "form": {
    "con": "hello", 
    "name": "mmmmmmiiiiii"
  }, 
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*", 
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, compress", 
    "Content-Length": "27", 
    "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", 
    "Host": "httpbin.org", 
    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.2.1 CPython/2.7.5 Windows/7"
  }, 
  "json": null, 
  "origin": "223.202.116.5", 
  "url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}

 post,参数是json

>>> payload = {\’name\’:\’tttttlililililili\’,\’con\’:\’hello\’}

>>> import json

>>> r = requests.post(\’http://httpbin.org/post\’, data=json.dumps(payload))

 

定制headers，使用headers参数来传递

 headers = {\'content-type\': \'application/json\'}
 r = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(payload), headers=headers)

 

 

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