因为个人学习需要,为软件系统的虚拟容器化,以下将mysql制作为docker镜像,并记录下详细步骤。

欢迎大家学习交流和转载,同时写作不易,如果各位觉得不错,请点赞支持。

备注:以下代码和文章,欢迎复制和转载,请在开头备注清楚“原始网址和作者”,谢谢!

一、实验环境

1.本地电脑:

     windows 10  x64 / git version 2.21.0.windows.1 

2. 本地docker 构建环境:

     CentOS 7.4 x64 / Docker Engine – Community 18.09.6 x64

3. 阿里云构建环境: 

     代码库:https://code.aliyun.com/03_docker_base/mysql-single

     镜像库:https://cr.console.aliyun.com/repository/cn-hangzhou/kevin_docker_registry/docker_base_mysql-single/details4.

     mysql版本:mysql-cluster-8.0.18-rc-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

 

二、编写代码

本地编写dockerfile代码,目录层次如下

1. 目录层次,

dockerfile的代码目录,如下

—-|—-/03_docker_base/mysql-single/

           |—-soft/   # 放COPY命令,需要复制的小文件,大文件建议通过-v和VOLUMN方式挂载共享卷方式获得。

                 |—-mysql.conf   # mysql的配置参数文件

                 |—-mysql.sh      # mysql的启动脚本文件

           |—-mysql-single-centos.Dockerfile   # docker镜像的源代码

           |—-mysql-single.sh  # 个人笔记,记录一下当时操作的命令和步骤

构建环境下面的共享卷的资源目录,如下

—-|—-/nfs_data/dockerfile/mysql-single/soft/ 

           |—-mysql-cluster-8.0.18-rc-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

2. 代码介绍,如下:

提醒:

<a>最初制作mysql镜像的时候,由于是挂载共享卷,所以共享卷的文件只能被CMD或ENTRYPOINT命令访问,RUN是构建时刻,所以访问不了volumn共享卷的文件。

<b>创建的dockerfile/mysql.sh/mysql.conf 等文件,一定要在linux下面创建和编辑,防止产生特殊字符和非法编码。编码都默认使用UTF-8 BOM。

<c>执行测试,可以使用命令 -v host_path:docker_path 进行挂载共享卷,并且dockerfile文件中也要对应写VOLUMN [“docker_path”]

 1 FROM centos:centos7
 2 MAINTAINER tian.dong <tiandong19860806@126.com>
 3 
 4 RUN \
 5     # yum update -y -q && \
 6     yum -y -q install libaio -y && \
 7     yum -y -q install numactl -y && \
 8     yum clean all 
 9 
10 # step 1: set enviroment
11 ENV DOCKER_DATA    /nfs_data
12 ENV DOCKER_PASS    pass
13 ENV MYSQL_BASEDIR  /opt/install/mysql
14 ENV MYSQL_DATADIR  /opt/data/mysql
15 ENV MYSQL_LOGDIR   /opt/log/mysql
16 ENV MYSQL_CONF     /opt/install/mysql/conf
17 ENV SOFT_MYSQL     /nfs_data/dockerfile/mysql-single/soft/mysql-cluster-8.0.18-rc-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
18 
19 RUN \
20     echo \'\' >> /etc/profile && \
21     echo \'PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_BASEDIR/bin:$MYSQL_BASEDIR/lib\' >> /etc/profile
22 
23 # VOLUME docker 方式需要写;K8S 方式不需要写,可通过PV/PVC实现
24 VOLUME ["$DOCKER_DATA"]
25 
26 
27 # step 2: make directory
28 RUN mkdir -p ${MYSQL_CONF} && \
29     groupadd mysql && \
30     useradd -g mysql mysql && \
31     echo ${DOCKER_PASS} | passwd --stdin mysql
32     
33 # USER mysql:mysql
34 
35 COPY soft/mysql.conf  ${MYSQL_CONF}/
36 COPY soft/mysql.sh    /usr/local/bin/
37 # COPY soft/mysql-cluster-8.0.18-rc-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz /opt/install/
38 # RUN wget -O /opt/install/mysql-cluster-8.0.18-rc-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  -c \
39 #     https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/14/file/mysql-cluster-8.0.18-rc-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
40 
41 # COPY soft/mysql-cluster-8.0.18-rc-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz /opt/install/
42 # 使用RUN,不用CMD的原因,执行顺序 RUN (build) < CMD (starting) < ENTRYPOINT (started)
43 # 并且,在RUN命令中,所有VOLUMN或docker -v path:path的外部挂载点,都是处于尚未就绪的状态;只有ENTRYPOINT时刻,才会挂载外部存储介质完毕。
44 RUN \
45     chmod +x /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh && \
46     chmod -R 777  ${DOCKER_DATA} && \
47     mkdir -p ${MYSQL_BASEDIR} && \
48     mkdir -p ${MYSQL_DATADIR} && \
49     mkdir -p ${MYSQL_LOGDIR} && \
50     mkdir -p ${MYSQL_CONF} && \
51     mkdir -p ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/{error,pid,bin,relayidx,relaylog,slow}/ && \
52     touch ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/error/error.log && \
53     # tar -zxf ${SOFT_MYSQL} -C ${MYSQL_BASEDIR} && \
54     # mv ${MYSQL_BASEDIR}/mysql-cluster-8.0.18-rc-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* ${MYSQL_BASEDIR}/ && \
55     touch ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/pid/pid.log && \
56     touch ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/bin/bin.log && \
57     touch ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/relaylog/relay.log && \
58     touch ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/relayidx/relay.index && \
59     touch ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/slow/slow.log && \
60     chmod -R 744  ${MYSQL_BASEDIR} && \
61     chmod -R 744  ${MYSQL_DATADIR} && \
62     chmod -R 744  ${MYSQL_LOGDIR} && \
63     chmod -R 644  ${MYSQL_CONF}/mysql.conf && \
64     chmod -R 644  ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/error/error.log && \
65     chmod -R 644  ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/pid/pid.log && \
66     chown -R mysql:mysql ${MYSQL_BASEDIR} && \
67     chown -R mysql:mysql ${MYSQL_DATADIR} && \
68     chown -R mysql:mysql ${MYSQL_LOGDIR} && \
69     chown -R mysql:mysql ${MYSQL_CONF}/mysql.conf && \
70     chown -R mysql:mysql ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/error/error.log && \
71     chown -R mysql:mysql ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/pid/pid.log && \
72     chown -R mysql:mysql ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/relaylog/relay.log && \
73     chown -R mysql:mysql ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/relayidx/relay.index && \
74     chown -R mysql:mysql ${MYSQL_LOGDIR}/slow/slow.log && \
75     # RUN su mysql && \
76     rm -rf ${SOFT_MYSQL} && \
77     rm -rf ${MYSQL_BASEDIR}/mysql-cluster-8.0.18-rc-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
78 
79 # open port
80 EXPOSE 13306 33060
81 
82 # step 3: install mysql
83 # start application
84 ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/mysql.sh"]

 

三、本地测试

操作环境:本地VM=CentOS 7.4 x64,并且安装有docker软件

1. 构建镜像,

# 首先把本地写好的dockerfile所有文件,复制到下面的linux目录。注意文件要按照linux的编码UTF-8 BOM。

1 root >> cd /nfs_data/dockerfile/mysql-single
2 
3 root >> docker build  -f ./mysql-single.Dockerfile .  -t registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kevin_docker_registry/docker_base_mysql-single:1.0.0
4 
5 # 查看镜像
6 root >> docker images 

2. 测试镜像

 1 root >> docker run -it -p 3306:13306 -p 3060:33060 -v /nfs_data:/nfs_data  registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kevin_docker_registry/docker_base_mysql-single:1.0.0 /bin/bash
 2 
 3 # 如下root@localhost: ;B>l:0tq0Xht  
 4 
 5 # 就是mysql数据库的初始管理员账号和密码,用户可以使用如下命令,在本机登陆mysql数据库之后修改mysql的root账号密码
 6 
 7 # 本机登陆mysql控制台
 8 root >> mysql -u root -p
 9 # 然后输入默认的root密码,注意不是VM机器的密码。
10 
11 # 修改账号密码(方式1:命令行 链接密码)
12 mysql >> alter user \'root\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY \'pass\';
13 mysql >> alter user \'app_user\'@\'%\' IDENTIFIED BY \'pass\';
14 
15 # 修改账号密码(方式2:Nactive工具 链接密码)
16 mysql >> alter user \'root\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY \'pass\';
17 mysql >> alter user \'app_user\'@\'%\' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY \'pass\';
18 
19 # 创建新账号
20 mysql >> create user \'app_user\'@\'%\' identified by \'pass\';

 

 

四、发布镜像

1. 如果想把docker镜像发布到互联网,可以参考我之前的一篇文章,有详细介绍阿里的git代码库和docker镜像库的创建和使用。

https://www.cnblogs.com/itshare/p/11067054.html

2. 另外,如果只是每次从本地手动发布,只需要登陆链接aliyun的docker仓库地,使用如下命令,即可: 

1 # 查询本地镜像
2 root >> docker images | grep mysql
3 
4 # 登录远程镜像仓库
5 root >> docker login --username=kevin@1522315893340281 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kevin_docker_registry/docker_base_mysql-single
6 
7 # 上传镜像,到远程镜像仓库
8 # 格式 = docker pull {镜像的仓库}:{镜像的版本}
9 root >> docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kevin_docker_registry/docker_base_mysql-single:1.0.0

3. 查看阿里云的上传后的镜像,地址如下

# 镜像版本和状态

www.cnblogs.com/itshare

 

 

# 构建历史和结果

 

# 远程仓库的镜像,测试如下

# 远程仓库的镜像,详细如下

4. 客户端,登陆MYSQL,如下:

连接信息,IP为Docker容器的宿主VM的IP,端口为VM的映射端口。比如 192.168.XXX.YYY:3306

 

 

==================

Update:

最后,将上面制作的docker镜像,部署到K8S环境中,方法如下:

# 注意:PV/PVC,需要提前创建好

 1 kubectl apply -f - << EOF
 2 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
 3 kind: Deployment
 4 metadata:
 5   name: mysql-single
 6   namespace: database-system
 7 spec:
 8   selector:
 9     matchLabels:
10       app: mysql-single
11   replicas: 1
12   template:
13     metadata:
14       labels:
15         app: mysql-single
16     spec:
17       containers:
18       - name: mysql-single
19         image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kevin_docker_registry/docker_base_mysql-single:1.0.0
20         volumeMounts:
21         - mountPath: /opt/soft # docker inner path
22           name: soft-storage
23         - mountPath: /opt/log # docker inner path
24           subPath: database-system
25           name: log-storage
26         - mountPath: /opt/app # docker inner path
27           subPath: database-system
28           name: app-storage
29         - mountPath: /opt/data # docker inner path
30           subPath: database-system
31           name: data-storage
32         env:
33         - name: DOCKER_DATA_ROOT
34           value: "/opt/data/mysql-single"
35         - name: DOCKER_APP_ROOT
36           value: "/opt/app/mysql-single"
37         - name: DOCKER_LOG_ROOT
38           value: "/opt/log/mysql-single"
39         - name: DOCKER_CODE_ROOT
40           value: "/opt/soft"
41       volumes:
42       - name: soft-storage
43         persistentVolumeClaim:
44           claimName: pvc2soft.database-system
45       - name: log-storage
46         persistentVolumeClaim:
47           claimName: pvc2log.database-system
48       - name: app-storage
49         persistentVolumeClaim:
50           claimName: pvc2app.database-system
51       - name: data-storage
52         persistentVolumeClaim:
53           claimName: pvc2data.database-system
54 ---
55 apiVersion: v1
56 kind: Service
57 metadata:
58   name: mysql-single
59   namespace: database-system
60 spec:
61   type: LoadBalancer
62   ports:
63    - name: "mysql-console"
64      port: 13306
65      targetPort: 13306
66      protocol: TCP
67    - name: "mysql-manager"
68      port: 33060
69      targetPort: 33060
70      protocol: TCP
71   selector:
72     app: mysql-single

# 显示部署结果,如下:

 1 [root@CNT7XDCK11D01 ~]# kubectl get all -n database-system -o wide
 2 NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP             NODE           NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
 3 pod/mysql-single-697dfccfd-5hdw2   1/1     Running   0          77m   172.16.216.3   192.168.3.97   <none>           <none>
 4 
 5 NAME                   TYPE           CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                           AGE   SELECTOR
 6 service/mysql-single   LoadBalancer   10.3.184.205   10.5.0.16     13306:41252/TCP,33060:47401/TCP   77m   app=mysql-single
 7 
 8 NAME                           READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE   CONTAINERS     IMAGES                                                                                   SELECTOR
 9 deployment.apps/mysql-single   1/1     1            1           77m   mysql-single   registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kevin_docker_registry/docker_base_mysql-single:1.0.0   app=mysql-single
10 
11 NAME                                     DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE   CONTAINERS     IMAGES                                                                                   SELECTOR
12 replicaset.apps/mysql-single-697dfccfd   1         1         1       77m   mysql-single   registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kevin_docker_registry/docker_base_mysql-single:1.0.0   app=mysql-single,pod-template-hash=697dfccfd

# 最后,在客户端设置Mysql Nactive工具的连接信息,如下

成功登陆mysql,截图如下:

 

版权声明:本文为itshare原创文章,遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/itshare/p/12350287.html