1,如何运行HBase


1,如何查找hbase的安装目录

whereis用来查找程序的安装目录、帮助文档等等,如下:

whereis hbase

结果如下,目录下一级包含bin的就是hbase的安装目录。
[hadoop@cdh002 bin]$ whereis hbase
hbase: /usr/bin/hbase /etc/hbase /usr/lib/hbase

 

2,如何运行hbase命令

 

首先切换到hbase的安装目录
cd /usr/lib/hbase/bin/

执行hbase shell
hbase shell

 

3 如何查找当前用户

使用whoami命令可查看当前用户

hbase(main):001:0> whoami
hadoop (auth:SIMPLE)
groups: hadoop

 

4 HBase如何删除字符

需要同时按住Ctrl + Backspace 才能删除之前输入的字符。

 

2,如何操作HBase表结构


1,查看有哪些表

list

 

2,如何创建HBase表

创建HBase表不需要指定列,只需要指定列簇就行了
语法:create <table>, {NAME => <family>, VERSIONS => <VERSIONS>}
比如创建一个表,保存用户的个人信息infos和工作经历jobs
(1)
hbase(main):007:0> create “user”,{ NAME => “infos”,VERSIONS => 1},{NAME => “jobs”}
0 row(s) in 4.6440 seconds

=> Hbase::Table – user

注意:NAME要大写,否则报错提示未定义的本地变量
NameError: undefined local variable or method `name\’ for #<Object:0x79972a95>

(2)简单的写法:表名,列簇
create “user”,”infos”,”jobs”

 

 

3,如何查看HBase的表结构

desc “user” 或者 describe “user”

hbase(main):008:0> describe “user”
Table user is ENABLED
user
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => \’infos\’, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => \’NONE\’, BLOOMFILTER => \’ROW\’, REPLICATION_SCOPE => \’0\’
, VERSIONS => \’1\’, COMPRESSION => \’NONE\’, MIN_VERSIONS => \’0\’, TTL => \’FOREVER\’, KEEP_DELETED_C
ELLS => \’FALSE\’, BLOCKSIZE => \’65536\’, IN_MEMORY => \’false\’, BLOCKCACHE => \’true\’}
{NAME => \’jobs\’, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => \’NONE\’, BLOOMFILTER => \’ROW\’, REPLICATION_SCOPE => \’0\’,
VERSIONS => \’1\’, COMPRESSION => \’NONE\’, MIN_VERSIONS => \’0\’, TTL => \’FOREVER\’, KEEP_DELETED_CE
LLS => \’FALSE\’, BLOCKSIZE => \’65536\’, IN_MEMORY => \’false\’, BLOCKCACHE => \’true\’}
2 row(s) in 0.0400 seconds

表结构信息显示有两个列簇

 

4,如何修改HBase的表结构

(1)首先要禁用表
disable “user”
(2)
删除字段指定METHOD => “delete”
因为有3台机器,因此更新了3台机器 Updating all regions with the new schema

hbase(main):002:0> alter “user”,{NAME => “infos”},{NAME => “jobs”,METHOD => “delete”},{NAME => “educations”}
Updating all regions with the new schema…
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
Updating all regions with the new schema…
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
Updating all regions with the new schema…
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 8.0190 seconds

(3)然后启用表
enable \’user\’

 

5,如何删除HBase表

要先禁用表
hbase(main):004:0> disable “user”
0 row(s) in 0.0410 seconds

再drop表
hbase(main):005:0> drop “user”
0 row(s) in 1.3550 seconds

 


3,如何操作HBase表数据


1,hbase如何插入数据

语法:put <table>,<rowkey>,<family:column>,<value>
put 表名,列簇:列,值

hbase(main):020:0> put “user”,”rowno001″,”infos:name”,”zhangsan”
0 row(s) in 0.1400 seconds

hbase(main):021:0> put “user”,”rowno001″,”infos:age”,”18″
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds

注意:
(1)一次只能插入一列的值;同一行的多列,要分开列插入

 

2,查询记录

(1)查看所有记录
scan “user”
数据量很大时,千万不要用这个命令
(2) 查找前2条数据
hbase(main):028:0> scan “user”,{LIMIT => 2}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowno001 column=infos:age, timestamp=1528170157838, value=18
rowno001 column=infos:name, timestamp=1528170127697, value=zhangsan
rowno002 column=infos:age, timestamp=1528170336721, value=19

(3)查找某范围内的记录
hbase(main):032:0> scan “user”,{ STARTROW => “rowno002”, ENDROW => “rowno004”}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowno002 column=infos:age, timestamp=1528170336721, value=19
rowno003 column=infos:name, timestamp=1528171140729, value=xiaosan

注意:ENDROW是不包含的。

(4)查找某一行记录
hbase(main):034:0> get “user”,”rowno001″
COLUMN CELL
infos:age timestamp=1528170157838, value=18
infos:name timestamp=1528170127697, value=zhangsan
2 row(s) in 0.0250 seconds

可以指定列名
hbase(main):035:0> get “user”,”rowno001″,”infos:name”
COLUMN CELL
infos:name timestamp=1528170127697, value=zhangsan


3,统计记录

(1)统计总共多少行
hbase(main):033:0> count “user”
3 row(s) in 0.0290 seconds
=> 3


4,修改一条数据

和添加数据的命令是一致的,修改一下值就行,会直接覆盖
put “user”,”rowno003″,”infos:name”,”san”

 

5,删除数据

删除某一列:
delete “user”,”rowno003″,”infos:name”

删除某一行:
注意删除某一行,用的是deleteall
deleteall “user”,”rowno002″

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