有前面修改按钮样式的基础,我们可以尝试来定制一个即好看又好用的 ListBox ,今天先来讲“好看”部分。
这次教程主要是为了后面做铺垫,在下一篇教程中,我将会为大家讲述如何定制列表项的内容,比如让每个项目都可以显示图片、文件尺寸等信息,借助 WPF 的强大界面设计特性,我们不需开发自定义控件,只需用一些 XAML 代码,就可以为普通控件赋予丰富的呈现功能,敬请关注。
有前面修改按钮样式的基础,我们可以尝试来定制一个即好看又好用的 ListBox ,今天先来讲“好看”部分。
打开 Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 ,建立一个WPF应用程序,调整窗体大小,在窗体内创建一个 ListBox 和一个 Button ,按下图所示布局。

在 Window1.xaml 中为窗体 Loaded 事件及按钮 Click 事件添加事件处理:


Code
<Window x:Class=”自定义列表项.Window1″
xmlns=”http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation”
xmlns:x=”http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml”
Title=”Window1″ Height=”351″ Width=”416″ Loaded=”Window_Loaded”>
<Grid>
<ListBox Margin=”26,21,27,54″ Name=”listBox1″ />
<Button Height=”23″ Click=”button1_Click” Margin=”26,0,0,13″ Name=”button1″ VerticalAlignment=”Bottom” HorizontalAlignment=”Left” Width=”75″ Background=”AliceBlue”>选择文件</Button>
</Grid>
</Window>
在项目的引用中添加对 System.Windows.Froms 的引用,因为我们要使用其中的“打开文件对话框”组件。


添加 using 语句,引用以下所示的命名空间。为 System.Windows.Froms 设置别名是为了防止和现有的命名空间内的名称冲突。

在 Window1.xaml.cs 中书写以下代码:


Code
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using Forms=System.Windows.Forms;


namespace 自定义列表项


{

/**//// <summary>
/// Window1.xaml 的交互逻辑
/// </summary>
public partial class Window1 : Window

{
public Window1()

{
InitializeComponent();
}

public ObservableCollection<FileInfo> FileList=new ObservableCollection<FileInfo>();


private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{
listBox1.ItemsSource = FileList;
}

private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

var open=new Forms.OpenFileDialog
{ Multiselect = true };
if (open.ShowDialog() == Forms.DialogResult.OK)

{
foreach (string f in open.FileNames) FileList.Add(new FileInfo(f));
}
}
}
}
我们采用泛型集合 ObservableCollection<FileInfo> 装载文件列表,ObservableCollection 不同于以往的集合类型,它会在其内容更改时向 WPF 控件发送更新通知,以确保显示和数据的同步,所以 WPF 开发中,集合类型应多使用该类型。
在窗体载入完毕后,将 ListBox1 绑定到文件列表 FileList 。
这时编译并运行程序,选择一些文件,应当是这个样子:

在App.xaml中添加如下样式设定:

Code
<!–ListBox样式–>
<Style TargetType=”ListBox”>
<Setter Property=”BorderBrush” Value=”#BDD4F1″/>
<Setter Property=”BorderThickness” Value=”1″/>
<Setter Property=”Background” Value=”#F8F7F5″/>
<Setter Property=”ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility” Value=”Hidden”/>
<Setter Property=”ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility” Value=”Auto”/>
<Setter Property=”ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll” Value=”true”/>
<Setter Property=”VerticalContentAlignment” Value=”Center”/>
</Style>
<!–ListBoxItem样式–>
<Style TargetType=”ListBoxItem”>
<Setter Property=”Foreground” Value=”#B5BABF”/>
<Setter Property=”OverridesDefaultStyle” Value=”True”/>
<Setter Property=”Height” Value=”24″/>
<Setter Property=”Template”>
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType=”ListBoxItem”>
<Border Name=”back” BorderBrush=”#F8F7F5″ BorderThickness=”0,1,0,1″>
<Border.Background>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint=”0,0″ EndPoint=”0,1″>
<GradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Color=”#F8F7F5″ Offset=”0.0″/>
<GradientStop Color=”#F8F7F5″ Offset=”0.5″/>
<GradientStop Color=”#F8F7F5″ Offset=”0.51″/>
<GradientStop Color=”#F8F7F5″ Offset=”1″/>
</GradientStopCollection>
</GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Border.Background>
<ContentPresenter Margin=”2″ VerticalAlignment=”Center”/>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property=”IsSelected” Value=”True”>
<Trigger.EnterActions>
<BeginStoryboard>
<Storyboard>
<DoubleAnimation To=”32″ Duration=”0:0:0.3″ Storyboard.TargetProperty=”Height”/>
<ColorAnimation To=”#F3C37C” Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.BorderBrush).(SolidColorBrush.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation To=”#952B00″ Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(ListBoxItem.Foreground).(SolidColorBrush.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation To=”#FFF” Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[0].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation To=”#FFEF99″ Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[1].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation To=”#FFE13F” Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[2].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation To=”#FFF3B0″ Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[3].(GradientStop.Color)” />
</Storyboard>
</BeginStoryboard>
</Trigger.EnterActions>
<Trigger.ExitActions>
<BeginStoryboard>
<Storyboard>
<DoubleAnimation BeginTime=”0:0:0.4″ Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetProperty=”Height”/>
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.BorderBrush).(SolidColorBrush.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(ListBoxItem.Foreground).(SolidColorBrush.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[0].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[1].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[2].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[3].(GradientStop.Color)” />
</Storyboard>
</BeginStoryboard>
</Trigger.ExitActions>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property=”IsMouseOver” Value=”True”>
<Trigger.EnterActions>
<BeginStoryboard>
<Storyboard>
<ColorAnimation To=”#D8E6F5″ Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.BorderBrush).(SolidColorBrush.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation To=”#617A98″ Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(ListBoxItem.Foreground).(SolidColorBrush.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation To=”#F6F9FD” Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[0].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation To=”#E0EBF7″ Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[1].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation To=”#D7E5F6″ Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[2].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation To=”#F6F9FD” Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[3].(GradientStop.Color)” />
</Storyboard>
</BeginStoryboard>
</Trigger.EnterActions>
<Trigger.ExitActions>
<BeginStoryboard>
<Storyboard>
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.BorderBrush).(SolidColorBrush.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(ListBoxItem.Foreground).(SolidColorBrush.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[0].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[1].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[2].(GradientStop.Color)” />
<ColorAnimation Duration=”0:0:0.2″ Storyboard.TargetName=”back” Storyboard.TargetProperty=”(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[3].(GradientStop.Color)” />
</Storyboard>
</BeginStoryboard>
</Trigger.ExitActions>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
最终效果(按钮是沿用以前教程制作的样式):

样式代码部分基本没什么可讲的了,看看前面的教程应该都可以搞明白了,有不懂的地方请留言发问吧。
源代码下载
这次教程主要是为了后面做铺垫,在下一篇教程中,我将会为大家讲述如何定制列表项的内容,比如让每个项目都可以显示图片、文件尺寸等信息,借助 WPF 的强大界面设计特性,我们不需开发自定义控件,只需用一些 XAML 代码,就可以为普通控件赋予丰富的呈现功能,敬请关注。