1.软件部分介绍

  微信小程序是一种新的应用,用户不需要下载应用只用通过扫二维码或者打开链接就能使用,使用完后不需要卸载,直接关闭就行了。微信在2017年初推出微信小程序开发环境。任何企业,媒体,个人都可以注册开发。是一种全新的 开发模式。微信也因此受到许多程序员的一致好评,尤其是微信小程序的云开发,提供大量数据处理接口,让初学者也可以很快入手。不需要后端数据库的支持,自己一个人就可以开发前端和后台。

微信小程序为蓝牙模块提供了18个API。其中低功率蓝牙9个,传统蓝牙9个。本次设计使用了其中的9个接口:

(1) openBluetoothAdapter,这个API用来初始化蓝牙适配器;

(2) startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery,开始搜索蓝牙设备;

(3) onBluetoothDeviceFound,判断搜索到的蓝牙设备的信号强度;

(4) createBLEConnection,连接搜索到的蓝牙设备;

(5) stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery,关闭搜索蓝牙设备;

(6) getBLEDeviceServices,获取蓝牙的deviceId;

(7) getBLEDeviceCharacteristics,获取蓝牙设备服务的所有特征值;

(8) notycharacteristicsId,启用低功耗蓝牙特征值的notify功能;

(9) writeBLECharacteristicValue,通过微信小程序向蓝牙模块发送命令。

 js源代码

Page({
    /**
     * 页面的初始数据
     */
    data: {
        connect: false,
        send_hex: false,
        send_string: true,
        send_string_val: \'Hex\',
        recv_string: true,
        recv_string_val: \'Hex\',
        recv_value: \'\',
        send_number: 0,
        recv_number: 0,
        recv_hex: true,
        wendu: 30,
        yanwu: 60
    },
    /*** 生命周期函数--监听页面加载 */
    onLoad: function (options) {
        wx.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
            success: function (res) {
                console.log(\'停止搜索设备\', res)
            }
        })
        console.log(options);
        this.setData({
            deviceId: options.id,
            deviceName: options.name
        });
        console.log(\'设备的ID\', this.data.deviceId);
    },
    /*** 生命周期函数--监听页面显示 */
    onShow: function () {
        wx.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
            success: function (res) {
                console.log(\'停止搜索设备\', res)
            }
        })
        var that = this;
        /* 连接中动画 */
        wx.showLoading({
            title: \'连接中...\',
        });
        /* 开始连接蓝牙设备 */
        wx.createBLEConnection({
            deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
            success: function (res) {
                console.log(\'连接成功\', res);
                wx.hideLoading();
                /* 获取设备的服务UUID */
                wx.getBLEDeviceServices({
                    deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
                    success: function (service) {
                        that.setData({
                            serviceId: "0000FFE0-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" //确定需要的服务UUID
                        });
                        console.log(\'需要的服务UUID\', that.data.serviceId)
                        that.Characteristics(); //调用获取特征值函数
                    },
                });
                that.setData({
                    connect: true
                })
            },
        })
    },
    Characteristics: function () {
        var that = this;
        var device_characteristics = [];
        var characteristics_uuid = {};
        wx.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
            deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
            serviceId: that.data.serviceId,
            success: function (res) {
                var characteristics = res.characteristics; //获取到所有特征值
                var characteristics_length = characteristics.length; //获取到特征值数组的长度
                console.log(\'获取到特征值\', characteristics);
                console.log(\'获取到特征值数组长度\', characteristics_length);
                that.setData({
                    notycharacteristicsId: "0000FFE1-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB", //需确定要的使能UUID
                    characteristicsId: "0000FFE1-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" //暂时确定的写入UUID
                });

                console.log(\'使能characteristicsId\', that.data.notycharacteristicsId);
                console.log(\'写入characteristicsId\', that.data.characteristicsId);
                that.notycharacteristicsId(); //使能事件
            },
        })
    },
    /* 使能函数 */
    notycharacteristicsId: function () {
        var that = this;
        var recv_value_ascii = "";
        var string_value = "";
        var recve_value = "";
        wx.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange({
            deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
            serviceId: that.data.serviceId,
            characteristicId: that.data.notycharacteristicsId,
            state: true,
            success: function (res) {
                console.log(\'使能成功\', res);
                /* 设备返回值 */
                wx.onBLECharacteristicValueChange(function (res) {
                    var length_hex = [];
                    var turn_back = "";
                    var result = res.value;
                    var hex = that.buf2hex(result);
                    console.log(\'返回的值\', hex);
                    if (that.data.recv_string == true) {
                        /* 成功接收到的值的展示 */
                        that.setData({
                            recv_value: that.data.recv_value + hex
                        });
                        /* 接收成功的值的字节 */
                        var recv_number_1 = that.data.recv_number + hex.length / 2;
                        var recv_number = Math.round(recv_number_1);
                        that.setData({
                            recv_number: recv_number
                        });
                    } else {
                        console.log(\'设备返回来的值\', hex);
                        var f_hex = hex;
                        var length_soy = f_hex.length / 2;
                        var length = Math.round(length_soy);
                        for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                            var hex_spalit = f_hex.slice(0, 2);
                            length_hex.push(hex_spalit);
                            f_hex = f_hex.substring(2);
                        }
                        console.log(\'length_hex\', length_hex);
                        for (var j = 0; j < length_hex.length; j++) {

                            var integar = length_hex[j]; //十六进制
                            recve_value = parseInt(integar, 16); //十进制
                            console.log(\'recve_value\', recve_value);

                            turn_back = turn_back + String.fromCharCode(recve_value);
                            console.log(\'turn_back\', turn_back);
                        }

                        console.log(\'最终转回来的值\', turn_back)
                        var recv_number_1 = that.data.recv_number + turn_back.length;
                        var recv_number = Math.round(recv_number_1);
                        that.setData({
                            recv_number: recv_number,
                            recv_value: that.data.recv_value + turn_back
                        })
                    }
                });
            },
            fail: function (res) {
                console.log(\'使能失败\', res);
            }
        })
    },
    /* 断开连接 */
    DisConnectTap: function () {
        var that = this;
        wx.closeBLEConnection({
            deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
            success: function (res) {
                console.log(\'断开设备连接\', res);
                wx.reLaunch({
                    url: \'../index/index\',
                })
            }
        });
    },
    /*** 生命周期函数--监听页面卸载  */
    onUnload: function () {
        var that = this;
        wx.closeBLEConnection({
            deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
            success: function (res) {
                console.log(\'断开设备连接\', res);
            }
        });
    },
    /* 清除Recv Bytes */
    CleanNumberRecv: function () {
        this.setData({
            recv_number: 0
        })
    },
    /* ArrayBuffer类型数据转为16进制字符串 */
    buf2hex: function (buffer) { // buffer is an ArrayBuffer
        var hexArr = Array.prototype.map.call(
            new Uint8Array(buffer),
            function (bit) {
                return (\'00\' + bit.toString(16)).slice(-2)
            }
        )
        return hexArr.join(\'\');
    },
    switch1Change: function (e) {
        var that = this;
        let buffer = new ArrayBuffer(1)
        let dataView = new DataView(buffer)
        if (e.detail.value) {
            dataView.setUint8(0, 0)
        } else {
            dataView.setUint8(0, 1)
        }

        wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({
            deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
            serviceId: that.data.serviceId,
            characteristicId: that.data.characteristicsId,
            value: buffer,
            success: function (res) {
                console.log(\'数据发送成功\', res);
                console.log(buffer);
            },
            fail: function (res) {
                console.log(\'调用失败\', res);
                /* 调用失败时,再次调用 */
                wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({
                    deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
                    serviceId: that.data.serviceId,
                    characteristicId: that.data.characteristicsId,
                    value: buffer,
                    success: function (res) {
                        console.log(\'第2次数据发送成功\', res);
                    }
                })
            }
        })
    },
    switch1Change1: function (e) {
        var that = this;
        let buffer = new ArrayBuffer(1)
        let dataView = new DataView(buffer)
        if (e.detail.value) {
            dataView.setUint8(0, 2)
        } else {
            dataView.setUint8(0, 3)
        }
        wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({
            deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
            serviceId: that.data.serviceId,
            characteristicId: that.data.characteristicsId,
            value: buffer,
            success: function (res) {
                console.log(\'数据发送成功\', res);
                console.log(buffer);
            },
            fail: function (res) {
                console.log(\'调用失败\', res);
                /* 调用失败时,再次调用 */
                wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({
                    deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
                    serviceId: that.data.serviceId,
                    characteristicId: that.data.characteristicsId,
                    value: buffer,
                    success: function (res) {
                        console.log(\'第2次数据发送成功\', res);
                    }
                })
            }
        })
    },
    add: function (e) {
        var id = e.target.id;
        if (this.data[id] > 98) {
            wx.showToast({
                title: \'已超过最大数值\',
                icon: \'loading\',
                duration: 2000
            })
            return;
        }
        this.setData({
      [id]: +this.data[id] + 1
        });
        this.numbers(id)
    },
    lessen: function (e) {
        var id = e.target.id;
        if (this.data[id] < 1) {
            wx.showToast({
                title: \'已小于最小数值\',
                icon: \'loading\',
                duration: 2000
            })
            return;
        }
        this.setData({
       [id]: +this.data[id] - 1
        });
        this.numbers(id)
    },
    changeVal: function (e) {
        var id = e.target.id;
        if (e.detail.value < 1 || e.detail.value > 100) {
            wx.showToast({
                title: \'请输入有效数值\',
                icon: \'loading\',
                duration: 2000
            })
            return;
        }
        this.setData({
      [id]: e.detail.value
        });
        this.numbers(id)
    },
    numbers: function (id) {
        var that = this;
        var number = \'9\';
        let buffer = new ArrayBuffer(1)
        let dataView = new DataView(buffer)
        console.log(id)
        if (id == \'wendu\') {
            number = \'8\' + that.data[id];
            dataView.setUint8(0, 8)
        } else {
            number = number + that.data[id];
            dataView.setUint8(0, number)
        }
        wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({
            deviceId: that.data.deviceId,
            serviceId: that.data.serviceId,
            characteristicId: that.data.characteristicsId,
            value: buffer,
            success: function (res) {
                console.log(\'数据发送成功\', res);
                console.log(buffer);
            }
        })
    }
})
wxss源代码
.connect_box {
    width: 100%;
    height: 30px;
    line-height: 30px;
    font-size: 32rpx;
    color: #666;
    font-family: "Microsoft YaHei";
}
.connect_device_name{
    float: left;
    padding-left: 10px;
    color: #39beff;
}

.connect_state {
    float: right;
    padding-right: 10px;
    text-decoration: underline;
    color: #39beff;
}

.fan{
  width: 2rem;
  height: 2rem;
  vertical-align: middle;
  margin-left: 2.25rem;
  margin-right: 0.25rem;
}
.water{
  width: 2.5rem;
  height: 2rem;
  vertical-align: middle;
  margin-left: 2rem;
}
.name{
  display: inline-block;
  width: 22%;
  margin-left: 1.5rem;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.key{
  float: right;
  margin-right: 2rem;
  margin-top: 0.2rem;
}
.detail_box{
  padding: 1.5rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
}

.num {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 45%;
  text-align: right;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

.num input {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 2rem;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px solid #f2f2f2;
  border-left: none;
  border-right: none;
  color: #a2a2a2;
}

.num text {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 1.4rem;
  height: 1.4rem;
  line-height: 1.4rem;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px solid #f2f2f2;
  vertical-align: top;
  color: #dcdcdc;
}
.wendu{
  width:1.9rem;
  height:2rem;
  vertical-align:middle;
  margin-left:2.3rem;
  margin-right:.3rem;
}
wxml源代码
<view class="connect_box">
    <text class=\'connect_device_name\'>{{deviceName}}</text>
    <text wx:if="{{connect}}" class="connect_state" catchtap="DisConnectTap">已连接</text>
    <text wx:else class="connect_state">未连接</text>
</view>
<view >
  <view class="detail_box">
   <image src=\'../../images/airFan.png\' class="fan"></image>
   <view class=\'name\'>风扇</view>
   <switch bindchange="switch1Change" class=\'key\' />
  </view>
    <view class="detail_box">
    <image src=\'../../images/waterPump.png\' class="water"></image>
    <view class=\'name\'>水泵</view>
    <switch  bindchange="switch1Change1" class=\'key\' />
  </view>
  <view class="detail_box">
    <image src=\'../../images/temperature.png\' class="wendu"></image>
    <view class=\'name\'>温度阀值</view>
    <view class=\'num\'>
      <text style=\'border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;\' id=\'wendu\' bindtap=\'lessen\'>-</text>
      <input type=\'number\' value=\'{{wendu}}\' name=\'piece\' id=\'wendu\' bindblur="changeVal" />
      <text style=\'border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;\' id=\'wendu\' bindtap=\'add\'>+</text>
    </view>
  </view>
  <view class="detail_box">
    <image src=\'../../images/smog.png\' class="water"></image>
    <view class=\'name\'>烟雾阀值</view>
    <view class=\'num\'>
      <text style=\'border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;\' id=\'yanwu\' bindtap=\'lessen\'>-</text>
      <input type=\'number\' value=\'{{yanwu}}\' name=\'piece\' id=\'yanwu\' bindblur="changeVal" />
      <text style=\'border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;\' id=\'yanwu\' bindtap=\'add\'>+</text>
    </view>
  </view>
 
</view>

 微信小程序展示页面

        

  微信小程序不能在电脑上模拟,智能用手机操作,我们需要用手机打开我们的微信小程序。首先如果手机蓝牙没有打开回提醒打开蓝牙重新加载。如果手机蓝牙打开了就会去搜索附近的蓝牙模块,搜索到自己的低功率蓝牙,点击就可以连接到自己的蓝牙。我们就到了控制页面。
  我们可以通过微信小程序风扇和水泵。点击开关时会调用writeBLECharacteristicValue接口通过蓝牙模块给单片机发送指令,控制单片机上的风扇和水泵等硬件设备。

2.硬件设备介绍

  硬件部分主要介绍单片机、低功率蓝牙、风扇和水泵。单片机用什么型号的都行,都能与蓝牙模块正常通信,收发数据。低功率蓝牙主要优点是功率低,寿命长,价格便宜。多用于硬件连接上位机软件。风扇和水泵是外接设备,由单片机控制。

1.单片机
  单片机的型号是stc89c52rc,STC89C52RC是STC公司生产的一种低功耗、高性能CMOS8位微控制器,具有8K字节系统可编程Flash存储器。STC89C52使用经典的MCS-51内核,但是做了很多的改进使得芯片具有传统的方法51单片机不具备的功能。在单芯片上,拥有灵巧的8 位CPU 和在系统可编程Flash,使得STC89C52为众多嵌入式控制应用系统提供高灵活、超有效的解决方案。
2.蓝牙模块
  我用的是蓝牙型号是HC-06,给HC-06上电之后,HC-06的指示灯会不停地闪烁,这个时候就标志着进入AT模式了,配置的时候,HC-06的Rx和Tx 接到 51单片机的 Rx和 Tx,一般是P3.0,和P3.1,正常工作时,HC-06的Rx和Tx 接到 51单片机的 Tx和 Rx,8位数据位,1位结束位,无奇偶校验。一般HC-06模块的默认名称就是hc-06,默认配对密码是1234或0000。我们如果连接微信小程序,我们要把密码取消,这样微信小程序才能直接来连接。
3.风扇和水泵  
  风扇和水泵是直接供电就可以使用,我们只需要一个继电器就可以控制这两个设备,我选择了P3.5,P3.4这两个引脚来控制,高电平驱动,低电平关闭,这两个外接设备主要是测试数据有没有接受成功。

单片机程序主程序

void ctrl(unsigned char a)    //单字节数据接收
{                            //注意:若单片机TXD(P3.1)无上拉能力,必须在P3.1端接上拉电阻。本次测试需要接上拉电阻
    TI=0;    
    SBUF=a;
    while(TI==0);
    TI=0;
    Mode=1;
    if(SBUF==0){
        LED_yanwu=0;
        baojing=0;
        fs=0;
        led1=0;
        led2=0;
      }else if(SBUF==1){
        LED_yanwu=1;
        baojing=1;
        fs=1;
        Mode=0;
      }else if(SBUF==2){
        baojing=0;
        LED_wendu=0;
        fs1=0;
      }else if(SBUF==3){
        baojing=1;
        LED_wendu=1;
        fs1=1;
        led1=0;
        led2=0;
        Mode=0;
      }
} 
void main()
{
    check_wendu();
    check_wendu();
    Init1602();
    ES=0;                                  //关中断
    SCON = 0x50;                        // REN=1允许串行接受状态,串口工作模式1,
                                          //10位UART(1位起始位,8位数据位,1位停止位,无奇偶校验),波特率可变
    TMOD = 0x20;                        // 定时器1工作于方式2,8位自动重载模式, 用于产生波特率
    TH1=TL1=0xFD;                       // 波特率9600 (本次测试采用晶振为11.0592)
    PCON &= 0x7f;                       // 波特率不倍增
    TR1 = 1;                              //定时器1开始工作,产生波特率                
    TI=0;                                  //接收标志位置0
    RI=0;

    ES=1;
    while(1)
    {
        temp=ADC0809();
        check_wendu();
        Key();
        if(RI==1)                     // 是否有数据到来
        {
          RI = 0;
          ctrl(SBUF);
        }       
        Display_1602(yushe_wendu,yushe_yanwu,c,temp); //c温度值,temp烟雾值
        if(Mode==0)
        {
            if(temp>=yushe_yanwu)
            {
                LED_yanwu=0;
                baojing=0;
                fs=0;
            }
            else
            {
                LED_yanwu=1;
            }
            if(c>800){
                c = 0;
            }
            if(c>=(yushe_wendu*10))
            {
                baojing=0;
                LED_wendu=0;
                fs1=0;
            }
            else
            {
                LED_wendu=1;
            }
            if((temp<yushe_yanwu)&&(c<(yushe_wendu*10)))
            {
                baojing=1;
                fs=1;
                fs1=1;
            }
        }  
    }
}

硬件实物图

       

  数据采集显示正常,微信小程序可以正常控制单片机的水泵和风扇,通信正常无异常。硬件部分我就简单的拿出来说了一下,所涉及到的知识肯定比我展示到的多,软件部分主要是对低功率蓝牙的搜索,连接,发送数据比较麻烦。

    视频链接:http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDE1ODI1NzI2NA==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=f051256eda08cc3764d9d6d7a5d231788

版权声明:本文为liuzhou1原创文章,遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/liuzhou1/p/10772905.html