C#总结项目《影院售票系统》编写总结一
C#学习经历从基本语法结构到窗体再到面向对象终于走完了.NET初级程序员的道路,做为品德优良好学生更不能落下课程的总结项目-某某鸟《影院售票系统》。用了大概一天半的时间做完这个练手项目,先上效果截图一张
抽出时间做些这个对目前的我来说算不小的项目。
用到的知识点有:面向对象思想、TreeView、XML读取、File文件流、泛型集合,这里面对我来说难度最大的是面向对象与泛型集合的结合,看来学习一门编程语言的难点还是在设计思想上。
再来介绍一下项目需求:在影片列表中选择某个时段的一场电影,单击座位选择一个种类的电影票,并创建电影,计算价格并打印影票信息,然后该座位被置为红色表示已经售出。
影院每天更新放映列表,系统支持实时查看,包括电影放映场次时间、电影概况。
影院提供三类影票:普通票、赠票和学生票(赠票免费;学生票有折扣)
允许用户查看某场次座位的售出情况
支持购票,并允许用户选座
用户可以选择场次、影票类型及空闲座位进行购票,并打印电影票
系统可以保存销售情况,并允许对其进行恢复
二.问题分析
1.系统开发步骤
(1)明确需求
(2)设计类
(3)创建项目
(4)确定编码顺序
1.主窗体
2.查看新放映列表
3.查看电影介绍
4.查看影票票价
5.查看放映厅座位
6.购票和打印电影票
7.继续购票
(5)测试
三、类的设计
1.Seat:保存影院的座位信息,主要属性如下
座位号(SeatNum):string类型
座位卖出状态颜色(Color):System.Drawing.Color类型
2.Movie:电影类
电影名(MovieName):string类型
海报图片路径(Poster):string类型
导演名(Director):string类型
主演(Actor):string类型
电影类型(MovieType):MovieType自定义枚举类型
定价(Price):int类型
3.Ticket:电影票父类,保存电影票信息
放映场次(ScheduleItem):ScheduleItem自定义类
所属座位对象(Seat):Seat自定义类型
票价(Price):int类型
计算票价的虚方法CalcPrice()
打印售票信息的虚方法Print()
显示当前售出票信息的虚方法Show()
4.StudentTicket:学生票子类,继承父类Ticket
学生票的折扣(Discount):int类型
重写父类计算票价CalcPrice
重写父类打印售票信息的Print()
重写父类显示当前出票信息的Show()方法
5.FreeTicket:赠票子类,继承父类Ticket
获得赠票者的名字属性(CustomerName):string类型
重写父类计算票价CalcPrice()
重写父类打印售票信息Print()
重写父类显示当前出票信息Show()
6.ScheduleItem:影院每天计划放映计划的场次,保存每场电影的信息
放映时间属性(Time):string类型
本场所放映电影属性(Movie):Movie自定义类型
7.Schedule:放映计划类
放映场次属性(Items):自定义泛型集合Dictionary<string,ScheduleItem>
读取XML文件获取放映计划集合的LoadItems()方法
8.Cinema:影院类,保存放映计划和座位类
座位集合属性(Seat):自定义泛型集合Dictionary<string,Seat>
放映计划Schedule:Schedule自定义类型
已售出电影票的集合(SoldTicket):自定义泛型集合List<Ticket>
保存和读取售票情况的Save()和Load()方法
献上这9个类的代码,根据依赖编写类的顺序,不能完全按照上面顺序
- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
- 3 using System.Linq;
- 4 using System.Text;
- 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
- 6 using System.Drawing;
- 7
- 8 namespace 影院售票系统
- 9 {
- 10 /// <summary>
- 11 /// 保存影院的座位信息
- 12 /// </summary>
- 13 public class Seat
- 14 {
- 15 public Seat() { }
- 16 public Seat(string seatNum,Color color)
- 17 {
- 18 this.SeatNum = seatNum;
- 19 this.Color = color;
- 20 }
- 21 private string _seatNum;
- 22 /// <summary>
- 23 /// 座位号
- 24 /// </summary>
- 25 public string SeatNum
- 26 {
- 27 get { return _seatNum; }
- 28 set { _seatNum = value; }
- 29 }
- 30 private Color _color;
- 31 /// <summary>
- 32 /// 座位卖出状态颜色
- 33 /// </summary>
- 34 public Color Color
- 35 {
- 36 get { return _color; }
- 37 set { _color = value; }
- 38 }
- 39 }
- 40 }
Seat
- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
- 3 using System.Linq;
- 4 using System.Text;
- 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
- 6
- 7 namespace 影院售票系统
- 8 {
- 9 /// <summary>
- 10 /// 电影类
- 11 /// </summary>
- 12 public class Movie
- 13 {
- 14 private string _movieName;
- 15 /// <summary>
- 16 /// 电影名
- 17 /// </summary>
- 18 public string MovieName
- 19 {
- 20 get { return _movieName; }
- 21 set { _movieName = value; }
- 22 }
- 23 private string _poster;
- 24 /// <summary>
- 25 /// 海报图片名
- 26 /// </summary>
- 27 public string Poster
- 28 {
- 29 get { return _poster; }
- 30 set { _poster = value; }
- 31 }
- 32 private string _director;
- 33 /// <summary>
- 34 /// 导演名
- 35 /// </summary>
- 36 public string Director
- 37 {
- 38 get { return _director; }
- 39 set { _director = value; }
- 40 }
- 41 private string _actor;
- 42 /// <summary>
- 43 /// 主演
- 44 /// </summary>
- 45 public string Actor
- 46 {
- 47 get { return _actor; }
- 48 set { _actor = value; }
- 49 }
- 50
- 51 private int _price;
- 52 /// <summary>
- 53 /// 定价
- 54 /// </summary>
- 55 public int Price
- 56 {
- 57 get { return _price; }
- 58 set { _price = value; }
- 59 }
- 60 /// <summary>
- 61 /// 电影类型
- 62 /// </summary>
- 63 public MovieType MovieType { get; set; }
- 64 }
- 65 /// <summary>
- 66 /// 电影类型,1喜剧2战争3爱情
- 67 /// </summary>
- 68 public enum MovieType
- 69 {
- 70 /// <summary>
- 71 /// 动作片
- 72 /// </summary>
- 73 Action = 0,
- 74 /// <summary>
- 75 /// 战争片
- 76 /// </summary>
- 77 War = 1,
- 78 /// <summary>
- 79 /// 爱情片
- 80 /// </summary>
- 81 Comedy = 2
- 82 }
- 83 }
Movie
- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
- 3 using System.Linq;
- 4 using System.Text;
- 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
- 6 using System.Windows.Forms;
- 7 using System.IO;
- 8
- 9 namespace 影院售票系统
- 10 {
- 11 /// <summary>
- 12 /// 电影票父类
- 13 /// </summary>
- 14 public class Ticket
- 15 {
- 16 public Ticket() { }
- 17 public Ticket(ScheduleItem sch,Seat seat)
- 18 {
- 19 this.ScheduItem = sch;
- 20 this.Seat = seat;
- 21 }
- 22 private Seat _seat = new Seat();
- 23 /// <summary>
- 24 /// 所属座位
- 25 /// </summary>
- 26 public Seat Seat
- 27 {
- 28 get { return _seat; }
- 29 set { _seat = value; }
- 30 }
- 31
- 32 private int _price;
- 33 /// <summary>
- 34 /// 票价
- 35 /// </summary>
- 36 public int Price
- 37 {
- 38 get { return _price; }
- 39 set { _price = value; }
- 40 }
- 41 /// <summary>
- 42 /// 放映场次
- 43 /// </summary>
- 44 public ScheduleItem ScheduItem { get; set; }
- 45 /// <summary>
- 46 /// 计算票价
- 47 /// </summary>
- 48 public virtual void CalcPrice()
- 49 {
- 50 this.Price = ScheduItem.Movie.Price;
- 51 }
- 52 /// <summary>
- 53 /// 打印售票信息
- 54 /// </summary>
- 55 public virtual void Print()
- 56 {
- 57 string info = string.Format("************************************************\n\t青鸟影院\n------------------------------------------------\n电影名:\t{0}\n时间:\t{1}\n座位号:\t{2}\n价格:\t{3}\n************************************************", this.ScheduItem.Movie.MovieName, this.ScheduItem.Time, this.Seat.SeatNum, this.Price);
- 58 MessageBox.Show(info);
- 59 //存到文件中
- 60 string fileName = this.ScheduItem.Time.Replace(":", "-")+" "+this.Seat.SeatNum+".txt";
- 61 FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName,FileMode.Create);
- 62 StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
- 63 sw.Write(info);
- 64 sw.Close();
- 65 fs.Close();
- 66 }
- 67 /// <summary>
- 68 /// 显示当前售票信息
- 69 /// </summary>
- 70 public virtual void Show()
- 71 {
- 72 string info = string.Format("已售出!\n普通票!");
- 73 MessageBox.Show(info);
- 74 }
- 75 }
- 76 }
Ticket
- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
- 3 using System.Linq;
- 4 using System.Text;
- 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
- 6 using System.Windows.Forms;
- 7 using System.IO;
- 8 namespace 影院售票系统
- 9 {
- 10 /// <summary>
- 11 /// 学生票
- 12 /// </summary>
- 13 public class StudentTicket : Ticket
- 14 {
- 15 public StudentTicket() { }
- 16 public StudentTicket(ScheduleItem sch, Seat seat, int discount)
- 17 : base(sch, seat)
- 18 {
- 19 this.Discount = discount;
- 20 }
- 21 private int _discount;
- 22 /// <summary>
- 23 /// 学生票的折扣
- 24 /// </summary>
- 25 public int Discount
- 26 {
- 27 get { return _discount; }
- 28 set { _discount = value; }
- 29 }
- 30 /// <summary>
- 31 /// 计算学生票价
- 32 /// </summary>
- 33 public override void CalcPrice()
- 34 {
- 35 this.Price =this.ScheduItem.Movie.Price* Discount / 10;
- 36 }
- 37 /// <summary>
- 38 /// 打印学生票的售票信息
- 39 /// </summary>
- 40 public override void Print()
- 41 {
- 42 string info = string.Format("************************************************\n\t青鸟影院(学生)\n------------------------------------------------\n电影名:\t{0}\n时间:\t{1}\n座位号:\t{2}\n价格:\t{3}\n************************************************", this.ScheduItem.Movie.MovieName, this.ScheduItem.Time, this.Seat.SeatNum, this.Price);
- 43 MessageBox.Show(info);
- 44 //存到文件中
- 45 string fileName = this.ScheduItem.Time.Replace(":", "-") + " " + this.Seat.SeatNum + ".txt";
- 46 FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
- 47 StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
- 48 sw.Write(info);
- 49 sw.Close();
- 50 fs.Close();
- 51 }
- 52 /// <summary>
- 53 /// 显示当前售出票信息
- 54 /// </summary>
- 55 public override void Show()
- 56 {
- 57 string info = string.Format("已售出!\n{0}折学生票!",this.Discount);
- 58 MessageBox.Show(info);
- 59 }
- 60 }
- 61 }
StudentTicket
- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
- 3 using System.Linq;
- 4 using System.Text;
- 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
- 6 using System.Windows.Forms;
- 7 using System.IO;
- 8
- 9 namespace 影院售票系统
- 10 {
- 11 /// <summary>
- 12 /// 赠票
- 13 /// </summary>
- 14 public class FreeTicket:Ticket
- 15 {
- 16 public FreeTicket() { }
- 17 public FreeTicket(ScheduleItem sch,Seat seat,string name)
- 18 {
- 19 this.Seat = seat;
- 20 this.CustomerName = name;
- 21 this.ScheduItem = sch;
- 22 }
- 23 private string _customerName;
- 24 /// <summary>
- 25 /// 获得赠票者的名字
- 26 /// </summary>
- 27 public string CustomerName
- 28 {
- 29 get { return _customerName; }
- 30 set { _customerName = value; }
- 31 }
- 32 /// <summary>
- 33 /// 计算票价
- 34 /// </summary>
- 35 public override void CalcPrice()
- 36 {
- 37 this.Price = 0;
- 38 }
- 39 /// <summary>
- 40 /// 打印售票信息
- 41 /// </summary>
- 42 public override void Print()
- 43 {
- 44 string info = string.Format("************************************************\n\t青鸟影院(赠票)\n------------------------------------------------\n电影名:\t{0}\n时间:\t{1}\n座位号:\t{2}\n姓名:\t{3}\n************************************************", this.ScheduItem.Movie.MovieName, this.ScheduItem.Time, this.Seat.SeatNum, this.CustomerName);
- 45 MessageBox.Show(info);
- 46 //存到文件中
- 47 string fileName = this.ScheduItem.Time.Replace(":", "-") + " " + this.Seat.SeatNum + ".txt";
- 48 FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
- 49 StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
- 50 sw.Write(info);
- 51 sw.Close();
- 52 fs.Close();
- 53 }
- 54 /// <summary>
- 55 /// 显示当前售出票信息
- 56 /// </summary>
- 57 public override void Show()
- 58 {
- 59 MessageBox.Show("已售出!\n赠票!");
- 60 }
- 61 }
- 62 }
FreeTicket
- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
- 3 using System.Linq;
- 4 using System.Text;
- 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
- 6
- 7 namespace 影院售票系统
- 8 {
- 9 /// <summary>
- 10 /// 影院每天计划放映的场次,保存每场电影的信息
- 11 /// </summary>
- 12 public class ScheduleItem
- 13 {
- 14 private string _time;
- 15 /// <summary>
- 16 /// 放映时间
- 17 /// </summary>
- 18 public string Time
- 19 {
- 20 get { return _time; }
- 21 set { _time = value; }
- 22 }
- 23 private Movie _movie = new Movie();
- 24
- 25 /// <summary>
- 26 /// 本场放映的电影
- 27 /// </summary>
- 28 public Movie Movie
- 29 {
- 30 get { return _movie; }
- 31 set { _movie = value; }
- 32 }
- 33 private List<Ticket> _soldTickets=new List<Ticket>();
- 34
- 35 private Dictionary<string, Seat> _seats=new Dictionary<string,Seat>();
- 36 /// <summary>
- 37 /// 本场次的座位状态
- 38 /// </summary>
- 39 public Dictionary<string, Seat> Seats
- 40 {
- 41 get { return _seats; }
- 42 set { _seats = value; }
- 43 }
- 44 }
- 45 }
ScheduleItem
- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
- 3 using System.Linq;
- 4 using System.Text;
- 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
- 6 using System.Xml;
- 7
- 8 namespace 影院售票系统
- 9 {
- 10 /// <summary>
- 11 /// 放映计划类,保存影院当天的放映计划集合
- 12 /// </summary>
- 13 public class Schedule
- 14 {
- 15 /// <summary>
- 16 /// 放映场次
- 17 /// </summary>
- 18 public Dictionary<string, ScheduleItem> Items = new Dictionary<string, ScheduleItem>();
- 19 /// <summary>
- 20 /// 读取XML文件获取放映计划集合
- 21 /// </summary>
- 22 public void LoadItems()
- 23 {
- 24 Items.Clear();
- 25 XmlDocument xml = new XmlDocument();
- 26 xml.Load("ShowList.xml");
- 27 XmlElement root = xml.DocumentElement;
- 28 foreach (XmlNode item in root.ChildNodes)
- 29 {
- 30 Movie movie = new Movie();
- 31 movie.MovieName = item["Name"].InnerText;
- 32 movie.Poster = item["Poster"].InnerText;
- 33 movie.Director = item["Director"].InnerText;
- 34 movie.Actor = item["Actor"].InnerText;
- 35 switch (item["Type"].InnerText)
- 36 {
- 37 case "Action":
- 38 movie.MovieType = MovieType.Action;
- 39 break;
- 40 case "War":
- 41 movie.MovieType = MovieType.War;
- 42 break;
- 43 case "Comedy":
- 44 movie.MovieType = MovieType.Comedy;
- 45 break;
- 46 }
- 47 movie.Price = Convert.ToInt32(item["Price"].InnerText);
- 48 if (item["Schedule"].HasChildNodes)
- 49 {
- 50 foreach (XmlNode item2 in item["Schedule"].ChildNodes)
- 51 {
- 52 ScheduleItem schItem = new ScheduleItem();
- 53 schItem.Time = item2.InnerText;
- 54 schItem.Movie = movie;
- 55 Items.Add(schItem.Time, schItem);
- 56 }
- 57 }
- 58
- 59 }
- 60
- 61
- 62 }
- 63 }
- 64 }
Schedule
- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
- 3 using System.Linq;
- 4 using System.Text;
- 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
- 6
- 7 namespace 影院售票系统
- 8 {
- 9 /// <summary>
- 10 /// 影院类
- 11 /// </summary>
- 12 public class Cinema
- 13 {
- 14 private Dictionary<string, Seat> _seats = new Dictionary<string, Seat>();
- 15 /// <summary>
- 16 /// 座位集合
- 17 /// </summary>
- 18 public Dictionary<string, Seat> Seats
- 19 {
- 20 get { return _seats; }
- 21 set { _seats = value; }
- 22 }
- 23 private Schedule _schedule = new Schedule();
- 24 /// <summary>
- 25 /// 放映计划
- 26 /// </summary>
- 27 public Schedule Schedule
- 28 {
- 29 get { return _schedule; }
- 30 set { _schedule = value; }
- 31 }
- 32 private List<Ticket> _soldTickets=new List<Ticket>();
- 33 /// <summary>
- 34 /// 已经售出的票
- 35 /// </summary>
- 36 public List<Ticket> SoldTickets
- 37 {
- 38 get { return _soldTickets; }
- 39 set { _soldTickets = value; }
- 40 }
- 41 /// <summary>
- 42 /// 保存售票信息到文件中
- 43 /// </summary>
- 44 public void Save()
- 45 {
- 46 //Save和Load的代码在窗体的代码实现了
- 47 }
- 48 /// <summary>
- 49 /// 从文件中读取售票信息
- 50 /// </summary>
- 51 public void Load() { }
- 52 }
- 53 }
Cinema
- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
- 3 using System.Linq;
- 4 using System.Text;
- 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
- 6
- 7 namespace 影院售票系统
- 8 {
- 9 /// <summary>
- 10 /// 工具类
- 11 /// </summary>
- 12 public class TicketUtil
- 13 {
- 14 /// <summary>
- 15 /// 创建电影票
- 16 /// </summary>
- 17 /// <returns></returns>
- 18 public static Ticket CreateTicket(ScheduleItem sch,Seat seat,int discount,string customerName,string type)
- 19 {
- 20 Ticket ticket=null;
- 21 switch (type)
- 22 {
- 23 case "StudentTicket":
- 24 ticket = new StudentTicket(sch,seat,discount);
- 25 break;
- 26 case "FreeTicket":
- 27 ticket = new FreeTicket(sch,seat,customerName);
- 28 break;
- 29 default:
- 30 ticket = new Ticket(sch,seat);
- 31 break;
- 32 }
- 33 return ticket;
- 34 }
- 35 }
- 36 }
TicketUtil
明天将继续更新-电影院座位的动态绘制、电影信息绑定到窗体中展现出来,也望各路大神出手斧正不合理的代码(不要涉及分层开发,我们在学,以后会用分层开发实现其他的项目)